The low-protein diet for chronic kidney disease: 8 years of clinical experience in a nephrology ward - SLUB Dresden

Media type: E-Article

Title: The low-protein diet for chronic kidney disease: 8 years of clinical experience in a nephrology ward

Contributor: Baragetti, Ivano ; De Simone, Ilaria ; Biazzi, Cecilia ; Buzzi, Laura ; Ferrario, Francesca ; Luise, Maria Carmen ; Santagostino, Gaia ; Furiani, Silvia ; Alberghini, Elena ; Capitanio, Chiara ; Terraneo, Veronica ; Milia, Vicenzo La ; Pozzi, Claudio

Published: Oxford University Press (OUP), 2020

Language: English

DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfz141

ISSN: 2048-8505; 2048-8513

Origination:

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Description: AbstractBackgroundGuidelines indicate that a low-protein diet (LPD) delays dialysis in severe chronic kidney disease (CKD). We assessed the value of these guidelines by performing a retrospective analysis in our renal clinical practice.MethodsThe analysis was performed from 1 January 2010 to 31 March 2018 in 299 CKD Stage 4 patients followed for 70 months in collaboration with a skilled nutritionist. The patients included 43 patients on a controlled protein diet (CPD) of 0.8 g/kg/day [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 20–30 mL/min/1.73 m2 body surface (b.s.)], 171 patients on an LPD of 0.6 g/kg/day and 85 patients on an unrestricted protein diet (UPD) who were not followed by our nutritionist (LPD and UPD, eGFR &lt;20 mL/min/1.73 m2 b.s.).ResultseGFR was higher in CPD patients than in UPD and LPD patients (21.9 ± 7.4 mL/min/1.73 m2 versus 17.6 ± 8.00 mL/min/1.73 m2 and 17.1 ± 7.5 mL/min/1.73 m2; P = 0.008). The real daily protein intake was higher in UPD patients than in LPD and CDP patients (0.80 ± 0.1 g/kg/day versus 0.6 ± 0.2 and 0.63 ± 0.2 g/kg/day; P = 0.01). Body mass index (BMI) was stable in the LPD and CPD groups but decreased from 28.5 ± 4.52 to 25.4 ± 3.94 kg/m2 in the UPD group (P &lt; 0.001). The renal survival of UPD, LPD and CPD patients was 47.1, 84.3 and 90.7%, respectively, at 30 months (P &lt; 0.001), 42.4, 72.0 and 79.1%, respectively, at 50 months (P &lt; 0.001) and 42.4, 64.1 and 74.4%, respectively, at 70 months (P &lt; 0.001). The LPD patients started dialysis nearly 24 months later than the UPD patients. Diet was an independent predictor of dialysis [−67% of RR reduction (hazard ratio = 0.33; confidence interval 0.22–0.48)] together with a reduction in BMI.ConclusionsAn LPD recommended by nephrologists in conjunction with skilled dietitians delays dialysis and preserves nutritional status in severe CKD.

Access State: Open Access