• Medientyp: E-Artikel
  • Titel: FIELD AND GREENHOUSE INVESTIGATIONS OF THE EFFECT OF INCREASING SALT STRESS ON THE ANATOMY OF JAUMEA CARNOSA (ASTERACEAE), A SALT MARSH SPECIES
  • Beteiligte: Omer, Lucy St.; Schlesinger, William H.
  • Erschienen: Wiley, 1980
  • Erschienen in: American Journal of Botany
  • Umfang: 1455-1465
  • Sprache: Englisch
  • DOI: 10.1002/j.1537-2197.1980.tb07781.x
  • ISSN: 0002-9122; 1537-2197
  • Schlagwörter: Plant Science ; Genetics ; Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
  • Zusammenfassung: <jats:p>The effects of salt stress on water balance, growth and anatomy of <jats:italic>Jaumea carnosa</jats:italic> (Asteraceae) were investigated under field conditions and in greenhouse hydroponic culture experiments. In salt marshes near Santa Barbara, California, soil salinities at root zone varied from 0.37–2.33 osmoles during a 1‐yr study period. These salinities were used to plan hydroponic experiments in a nested experimental design of five salinity treatments. The plants were propagated from rhizome cuttings and were grown in aerated full‐strength Hoagland's solution plus varying amounts of NaCl (range 0.0–2.0 osmoles). Optimum growth was recorded at 0.3 NaCl osmole and the limit of salt tolerance was between 1.2 and 2.0 osmoles. The range of salinity tolerance established for the species in hydroponic experiments was very similar to the range recorded in the root zone in field samples. Dry matter production was significantly lower in plants grown without NaCl than in those grown at 0.3 NaCl osmole. There were no significant differences in saturation water deficit between plants grown at 0.3 and 0.6 NaCl osmole, but the saturation water deficit in plants grown at 1.2 NaCl osmoles was significantly higher than that of plants grown at the lower salt concentrations. As salinity increased both in field conditions and in hydroponic experiments, measurements of anatomical features revealed changes in few of the structural features often associated with salinity stress. With increasing salt concentrations, decreases in internodal length, leaf area, cell size, and stomatal frequency were measured. Diameter of the internode and stele, and thickness of the leaf and stem cuticle showed no significant variations under conditions of increasing salinities. In field samples significant increases in salt concentrations at the root zone during the study did not result in significant increases in leaf succulence. Similarly there were no corresponding increases in leaf succulence with increasing salt concentrations in the hydroponic culture experiments.</jats:p>
  • Beschreibung: <jats:p>The effects of salt stress on water balance, growth and anatomy of <jats:italic>Jaumea carnosa</jats:italic> (Asteraceae) were investigated under field conditions and in greenhouse hydroponic culture experiments. In salt marshes near Santa Barbara, California, soil salinities at root zone varied from 0.37–2.33 osmoles during a 1‐yr study period. These salinities were used to plan hydroponic experiments in a nested experimental design of five salinity treatments. The plants were propagated from rhizome cuttings and were grown in aerated full‐strength Hoagland's solution plus varying amounts of NaCl (range 0.0–2.0 osmoles). Optimum growth was recorded at 0.3 NaCl osmole and the limit of salt tolerance was between 1.2 and 2.0 osmoles. The range of salinity tolerance established for the species in hydroponic experiments was very similar to the range recorded in the root zone in field samples. Dry matter production was significantly lower in plants grown without NaCl than in those grown at 0.3 NaCl osmole. There were no significant differences in saturation water deficit between plants grown at 0.3 and 0.6 NaCl osmole, but the saturation water deficit in plants grown at 1.2 NaCl osmoles was significantly higher than that of plants grown at the lower salt concentrations. As salinity increased both in field conditions and in hydroponic experiments, measurements of anatomical features revealed changes in few of the structural features often associated with salinity stress. With increasing salt concentrations, decreases in internodal length, leaf area, cell size, and stomatal frequency were measured. Diameter of the internode and stele, and thickness of the leaf and stem cuticle showed no significant variations under conditions of increasing salinities. In field samples significant increases in salt concentrations at the root zone during the study did not result in significant increases in leaf succulence. Similarly there were no corresponding increases in leaf succulence with increasing salt concentrations in the hydroponic culture experiments.</jats:p>
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