Published in:Al-Dirasat Al-Islamiyyah, Islamic Research Institute, IIU Islamabad ; Vol. 53. No. 2, April-June 2018, Page # 47-72
Extent:
1 Online-Ressource (26 p)
Language:
Arabic
DOI:
10.2139/ssrn.3956476
Identifier:
Origination:
Footnote:
Nach Informationen von SSRN wurde die ursprüngliche Fassung des Dokuments June 31, 2018 erstellt
Description:
Arabic Abstract: إن السلم من العقود التي أباحتها الشريعة استحساناً تلبية لحاجة الناس مع أن القياس يقتضي عدم جوازه؛ لأنه يتضمن بيع المعدوم، وقد اشترط الفقهاء له شروطاً خاصة مثل أن يكون الوزن والنوع والقدر معلوماً إلى غير ذلك من الشروط. والذهب والفضة كانا يستعملان في زمن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كالنقد والثمن فاشترط النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فيهما عند التبادل أن يكون مثلاً بمثل ويداً بيد عند اتحاد الجنس وأن يكون يداً بيد عند اختلاف الجنس. واستنبط الفقهاء من ذلك أن من شروط المسلم فيه أن يكون مما يتعين بالتعيين، وذلك لإخراج الذهب والفضة من نطاق عقد السلم، وبعد وجود الورق النقدي اختلف الفقهاء في تكييفه، وبالتالي اختلفوا في إباحة السلم فيه، فذهب جمهور العلماء المعاصرين إلى حرمة بيع السلم فيه، وذهب فريق من علماء شبه القارة إلى إباحته. وهذا البحث يركز بشكل خاص على قول الجواز ومدى تطبيقه في المصارف الإسلامية في باكستان ومستند الجواز
English Abstract: Salam refers to a contract in which the advance payment is made for any good which has to be delivered in future. Although, the analogy requires its impermissibility, because it comprises the sale of a non-existing commodity, however, the Shariah permits it on the basis of Istehsan (Juristic Preference) to satisfy the needs of the people. Due to the inconsistency prevailing in the subject matter of Salam, the Sunnah has stipulated certain conditions in order to make the contract conclusive. These conditions include the specifications of weight, gender, quality, and the duration of the contract, etc.In the era of Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم), gold and silver were used as medium of exchange. In this regard, the Prophet SAW laid down directions that if the exchange will be homogeneous in nature (i.e. exchange of gold with gold or silver with silver), then the possession must be equal and must conclude on the spot. Whereas, in non-homogeneous contracts both the volume of gold and silver may fluctuate, however, the possession of both the entities must be on the spot.On these bases, the Jurists determined one of the basic prerequisite for the permissibility of Salam, that, it can be conducted on only those commodities which can be specified by specification. This condition was stipulated to exclude gold and silver from the scope of Salam.After the existence and practice of using paper currency as medium of exchange, the viewpoints of Jurists began to differ regarding the legal acceptance of Salam in paper currency. Majority of the contemporary scholars are of the view that Salam is not permissible in paper currency while some scholars of Indian subcontinent allow it. This research paper focuses in particular on the view of permissibility and its application in the Islamic banks of Pakistan