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Media type:
E-Book
Title:
Curbing Sediment
:
The Effects of Added Surface Roughness in the Curb and Gutter as a Novel Pretreatment for Green Infrastructure Stormwater Control Measures
Description:
Stormwater control measures (SCMs) are employed to reduce the multitude of deleterious impacts of urban runoff on receiving waters. Sediment accumulation in infiltration-based SCMs can clog these systems, resulting in lack of hydraulic function and reduced stormwater treatment efficacy. As such, pretreatment devices, such as forebays, filter strips, or catch basin sumps, are typically employed upstream of SCMs to remove sediment and prolong maintenance intervals. Over time, sediment builds up in pretreatment devices, with maintenance often consisting of vacuuming sediment from sumps or excavating sediment from forebays. It may be difficult to include pretreatment for SCMs located along streets or other space-constrained sites; therefore, innovations in pretreatment techniques are needed to ensure long-term SCM function. An alternative pretreatment device was developed and tested in the laboratory for green infrastructure SCMs consisting of alterations to the standard curb and gutter adjacent to roads to increase the roughness of these surfaces. Roughness was added to the curb and/or gutter of mock road sections constructed of expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam using a computer numerical control (CNC) router. Twenty-one patterns with varying degrees of depth, shape, and spacing were implemented to trap sediment from simulated runoff; samples were collected upstream and downstream of the added roughness and analyzed for sediment removal and particle capture. Patterns which included added roughness in both the curb and gutter reduced TSS concentrations by up to 95% (median 85%) and reduced median d50 and d90 in runoff from 46.9 to 39.4 µm and 322 to 100.1 μm, respectively. Continued TSS removal was observed during repeated testing designed to simulate up to seven runoff events, indicating the potential for sustained sediment accumulation before the need for maintenance via regular street sweeping. With routine maintenance performed at appropriate intervals, these findings indicate that added roughness to curb and gutters could be utilized as a viable pretreatment technology for green infrastructure SCMs