Post-COVID-19 syndrome and diabetes mellitus: a propensity-matched analysis of the International HOPE-II COVID-19 registry

Media type: E-Article

Title: Post-COVID-19 syndrome and diabetes mellitus : a propensity-matched analysis of the International HOPE-II COVID-19 registry

Contributor: Abumayyaleh, Mohammad S. A. [Author]; Núñez Gil, Iván J. [Author]; Viana-LLamas, María C. [Author]; Raposeiras Roubin, Sergio [Author]; Romero, Rodolfo [Author]; Alfonso-Rodríguez, Emilio [Author]; Uribarri, Aitor [Author]; Feltes, Gisela [Author]; Becerra-Muñoz, Víctor Manuel [Author]; Santoro, Francesco [Author]; Pepe, Martino [Author]; Castro Mejía, Alex Fernando [Author]; Signes-Costa, Jaime [Author]; Gonzalez, Adelina [Author]; Marín, Francisco [Author]; López-País, Javier [Author]; Manzone, Edoardo [Author]; Vazquez Cancela, Olalla [Author]; Paeres, Carolina Espejo [Author]; Masjuan, Alvaro López [Author]; Velicki, Lazar [Author]; Weiß, Christel [Author]; Chipayo, David [Author]; Fernandez-Ortiz, Antonio [Author]; El-Battrawy, Ibrahim [Author]; Akın, Ibrahim [Author]

Published: 16 May 2023

Language: English

DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1167087

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Description: BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most frequent comorbidities in patients suffering from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with a higher rate of severe course of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, data about post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) in patients with DM are limited.MethodsThis multicenter, propensity score-matched study compared long-term follow-up data about cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and other symptoms in 8,719 patients with DM to those without DM. The 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) according to age and sex resulted in 1,548 matched pairs.ResultsDiabetics and nondiabetics had a mean age of 72.6 ± 12.7 years old. At follow-up, cardiovascular symptoms such as dyspnea and increased resting heart rate occurred less in patients with DM (13.2% vs. 16.4%; p = 0.01) than those without DM (2.8% vs. 5.6%; p = 0.05), respectively. The incidence of newly diagnosed arterial hypertension was slightly lower in DM patients as compared to non-DM patients (0.5% vs. 1.6%; p = 0.18). Abnormal spirometry was observed more in patients with DM than those without DM (18.8% vs. 13; p = 0.24). Paranoia was diagnosed more frequently in patients with DM than in non-DM patients at follow-up time (4% vs. 1.2%; p = 0.009). The incidence of newly diagnosed renal insufficiency was higher in patients suffering from DM as compared to patients without DM (4.8% vs. 2.6%; p = 0.09). The rate of readmission was comparable in patients with and without DM (19.7% vs. 18.3%; p = 0.61). The reinfection rate with COVID-19 was comparable in both groups (2.9% in diabetics vs. 2.3% in nondiabetics; p = 0.55). Long-term mortality was higher in DM patients than in non-DM patients (33.9% vs. 29.1%; p = 0.005).ConclusionsThe mortality rate was higher in patients with DM type II as compared to those without DM. Readmission and reinfection rates with COVID-19 were comparable in both groups. The incidence of cardiovascular symptoms was higher in patients without DM.

Access State: Open Access

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