Footnote:
Nach Informationen von SSRN wurde die ursprüngliche Fassung des Dokuments June 14, 2023 erstellt
Description:
On April 12, 2023, the Administrative Council for Economic Defense (CADE) condemned its first case in which the hub-and-spoke theory served as the central and decisive element. Previous investigations conducted by CADE that touched upon this theory were never the central focus and decisive factor for condemnation. While the theories applied in the analyzed judgments may vary in terms of terminology (hub-and-spoke cartels or coordination agreements among A, B, and C) or the criteria for their establishment, the common element among all of them is the sharing of sensitive information through a vertical structure. Moreover, a prevalence of this type of collusion has been observed in the downstream market, particularly in retail and resale markets, involving coordination among the respective suppliers and/or distributors. In this context, international experience serves as an important reference to guide discussions within the scope of CADE