Description:
Abstract Background: Rare information exists about the long term development of patients with blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm and synkinesis following defective healing of the facial nerve. This retrospective analysis deals with the course of different parameters of injection over the time. Methods: In this study we analysed the development of long-term botulinum toxin treatments of patients with blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm and synkinesis. 80 patients (female 59, male 21, mean age 68 years, range 41-93 years, n=30 blepharospasm, n=31 hemifacial spasm, n=19 synkinesis) of the clinic for ...