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Description:
Industry 4.0 pushes the manufacturing industry towards batch size 1 production. Due to changing communication requirements, industrial networks must dynamically provide communication with guaranteed end-to-end latencies. IEEE 802.1 Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN), as an Ethernet-based open standard solution, provides on-demand end-to-end bounded-latency stream reservation. Inter-domain communication in TSN has been identified as a requirement for various use cases. The wide range of TSN standards does not support the interaction on the control plane between multiple TSN domains. In this work, TSN control plane mechanisms are developed in order to provide on-demand multi-domain end-to-end bounded-latency stream reservation. The approach of east-westbound communication, inherited from Software-Defined Networking (SDN), is applied to the TSN control plane. Different multi-domain TSN (MDTSN) architectural approaches are presented. Differences between single-domain TSN and MDTSN are elaborated. In MDTSN, a stream consists of several stream segments provided by each domain as part of an end-to-end stream. Control plane mechanisms for MDTSN integrating an east–westbound protocol in the existing TSN control plane are presented. Stream parameters that have to be determined per TSN domain as part of an end-to-end stream are shown. The procedures in the MDTSN control plane for stream segment reservations are given, including architecture diagrams, reference messages, protocols, and most relevant parameters. Furthermore, the procedures for stream releases are provided. The impact of MDTSN streams on the end-to-end latency is investigated. In addition, the affect of scheduling algorithms on MDTSN streams is shown. Solutions for issues resulting from MDTSN, particularly the Inter-Domain Forwarding Offset (IDFO), are presented. Additionally, control plane mechanisms to reduce the end-to-end latency are provided. An important advantage of the solution presented is that converting these mechanisms into standards requires ...