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Kodikara, Timothy [Author]; Zhang, Kefei [Author]; Pedatella, Nicholas Michael [Author]; Borries, Claudia [Author]; 2 SPACE Research Centre RMIT University Melbourne VIC Australia [Author]; 4 High Altitude Observatory National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO USA [Author]; 1 Institute of Solar‐Terrestrial Physics German Aerospace Center Neustrelitz Germany [Author]

The Impact of Solar Activity on Forecasting the Upper Atmosphere via Assimilation of Electron Density Data

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  • Media type: E-Article
  • Title: The Impact of Solar Activity on Forecasting the Upper Atmosphere via Assimilation of Electron Density Data
  • Contributor: Kodikara, Timothy [Author]; Zhang, Kefei [Author]; Pedatella, Nicholas Michael [Author]; Borries, Claudia [Author]; 2 SPACE Research Centre RMIT University Melbourne VIC Australia [Author]; 4 High Altitude Observatory National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO USA [Author]; 1 Institute of Solar‐Terrestrial Physics German Aerospace Center Neustrelitz Germany [Author]
  • imprint: GEO-LEOe-docs (FID GEO), 2021-05-20
  • Language: English
  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.23689/fidgeo-4270
  • Keywords: impact of solar activity ; neutral mass density forecasts ; TIE‐GCM ; data assimilation ; upper atmosphere ; thermosphere-ionosphere dynamics ; ensemble Kalman filter ; ionosphere forecasts ; COSMIC
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  • Description: This study presents a comprehensive comparison of the impact of solar activity on forecasting the upper atmosphere through assimilation of radio occultation (RO)‐derived electron density (Ne) into a physics‐based model (TIE‐GCM) using an ensemble Kalman filter (KF). Globally abundant RO‐derived Ne offers one of the most promising means to test the effect of assimilation on the model forecasted state on a global scale. This study emphasizes the importance of understanding how the assimilation results vary with solar activity, which is one of the main drivers of thermosphere‐ionosphere dynamics. This study validates the forecast states with independent RO‐derived GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment mission) Ne data. The principal result of the study is that the agreement between forecast Ne and data is better during solar minimum than solar maximum. The results also show that the agreement between data and forecast is mostly better than that of the standalone TIE‐GCM driven with observed geophysical indices. The results emphasize that TIE‐GCM significantly underestimate Ne in altitudes below 250 km and the assimilation of Ne is not as effective in these lower altitudes as it is in higher altitudes. The results demonstrate that assimilation of Ne significantly impacts the neutral mass density estimates via the KF state vector—the impact is larger during solar maximum than solar minimum relative to a control case that does not assimilate Ne. The results are useful to explain the inherent model bias, to understand the limitations of the data, and to demonstrate the capability of the assimilation technique. ; Key Points: Investigates the impact of solar activity on forecasting through assimilation of COSMIC‐Ne into a physics‐based upper atmosphere model. The agreement between hourly forecasted Ne and data is better during solar minimum than solar maximum. The assimilation of COSMIC‐Ne into TIE‐GCM significantly influences the neutral dynamics of the thermosphere. ; National Natural Science Foundation of ...
  • Access State: Open Access