Baseline Vector Repeatability at the Sub‐Millimeter Level Enabled by Radio Interferometer Phase Delays of Intra‐Site Baselines

Media type: E-Article

Title: Baseline Vector Repeatability at the Sub‐Millimeter Level Enabled by Radio Interferometer Phase Delays of Intra‐Site Baselines

Contributor: Xu, Ming H. [Author]; Savolainen, Tuomas [Author]; Bolotin, Sergei [Author]; Bernhart, Simone [Author]; Plötz, Christian [Author]; Haas, Rüdiger [Author]; Varenius, Eskil [Author]; Wang, Guangli [Author]; McCallum, Jamie [Author]; Heinkelmann, Robert [Author]; Lunz, Susanne [Author]; Schuh, Harald [Author]; Zubko, Nataliya [Author]; Kareinen, Niko [Author]; 1 Metsähovi Radio Observatory Aalto University Kylmälä Finland [Author]; 4 NVI Inc. at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 61A.0 Greenbelt MD USA [Author]; 5 Reichert GmbH/Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie Bonn Germany [Author]; 6 Geodetic Observatory Wettzell Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy Bad Kötzting Germany [Author]; 7 Department of Space, Earth and Environment Onsala Space Observatory Chalmers University of Technology Onsala Sweden [Author]; 8 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai P. R. China [Author]; 9 School of Natural Sciences University of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia [Author]; 3 DeutschesGeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Potsdam Potsdam Germany [Author]; 10 Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science Technische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany [Author]; 11 Finnish Geospatial Research Institute Masala Finland [Author]

imprint: GEO-LEOe-docs (FID GEO), 2023-03-17

Language: English

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB025198

Keywords: phase delays ; VGOS ; reference frames ; GGOS ; geodetic VLBI ; ITRF

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Description: We report the results of position ties for short baselines at eight geodetic sites based on phase delays that are extracted from global geodetic very‐long‐baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations rather than dedicated short‐baseline experiments. An analysis of phase delay observables at X band from two antennas at the Geodetic Observatory Wettzell, Germany, extracted from 107 global 24‐hr VLBI sessions since 2019 yields weighted root‐mean‐square scatters about the mean baseline vector of 0.3, 0.3, and 0.8 mm in the east, north, and up directions, respectively. Position ties are also obtained for other short baselines between legacy antennas and nearby, newly built antennas. They are critical for maintaining a consistent continuation of the realization of the terrestrial reference frame, especially when including the new VGOS network. The phase delays of the baseline WETTZ13N–WETTZELL enable an investigation of sources of error at the sub‐millimeter level. We found that a systematic variation of larger than 1 mm can be introduced to the Up estimates of this baseline vector when atmospheric delays were estimated. Although the sub‐millimeter repeatability has been achieved for the baseline vector WETTZ13N–WETTZELL, we conclude that long term monitoring should be conducted for more short baselines to assess the instrumental effects, in particular the systematic differences between phase delays and group delays, and to find common solutions for reducing them. This will be an important step toward the goal of global geodesy at the 1 mm level. ; Plain Language Summary: We report the results of position ties for short baselines at eight geodetic sites based on phase delays that are extracted from global geodetic very‐long‐baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations rather than dedicated short‐baseline experiments. By using the inherently more precise observables—phase delays, a baseline vector repeatability of WETTZ13N–WETTZELL has been achieved at the sub‐millimeter level for the horizontal directions and at the 1 ...

Access State: Open Access

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