Description:
<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the present study was to describe the indications for home parenteral nutrition (HPN) in children with primary digestive diseases and to identify factors associated with weaning off.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p>All the children initially discharged on HPN between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2009, for chronic intestinal failure (IF) were included. The associations between clinical factors and weaning off of HPN were assessed using a multivariable Cox regression model.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p>Among the 151 children (boys = 58%) included in this study, 98 (65%) presented with short bowel syndrome (SBS), 17 (11%) with digestive neuromuscular disorders, 14 (9%) with mucosal diseases, 13 (9%) with inflammatory bowel disease, and 9 (6%) with other primary digestive diseases. The probability of survival was ~100%. At the end of the follow‐up, the probability for weaning off of HPN was 0.73 (95% confidence interval 0.54–0.84) but varied according to the underlying cause of IF (for example, SBS and inflammatory bowel disease had a better prognosis). The median time until weaning off was 21 months (95% confidence interval 18–38 months). Unfavourable prognostic factors for weaning off of HPN included a bowel remnant of <40 cm, the presence of <50% of the colon, and daily lipid intakes >1.5 g · kg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> · day<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>. Underlying disease was also associated with weaning off.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:</jats:title><jats:p>HPN is a safe therapeutic option for children with chronic IF requiring long‐term nutritional management. Prognostic factors for weaning off of HPN were identified, and they highlight the relevance of SBS anatomy and parenteral nutrition caloric intake. The outcome of children on HPN was primarily dependent on the underlying disease.</jats:p></jats:sec>