You can manage bookmarks using lists, please log in to your user account for this.
Media type:
E-Article
Title:
4D pine scale: biomimetic 4D printed autonomous scale and flap structures capable of multi-phase movement
Contributor:
Correa, David;
Poppinga, Simon;
Mylo, Max D.;
Westermeier, Anna S.;
Bruchmann, Bernd;
Menges, Achim;
Speck, Thomas
Published:
The Royal Society, 2020
Published in:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 378 (2020) 2167, Seite 20190445
Language:
English
DOI:
10.1098/rsta.2019.0445
ISSN:
1364-503X;
1471-2962
Origination:
Footnote:
Description:
We developed biomimetic hygro-responsive composite polymer scales inspired by the reversible shape-changes of Bhutan pine ( Pinus wallichiana ) cone seed scales. The synthetic kinematic response is made possible through novel four-dimensional (4D) printing techniques with anisotropic material use, namely copolymers with embedded cellulose fibrils and ABS polymer. Multi-phase motion like the subsequent transversal and longitudinal bending deformation during desiccation of a natural pinecone scale can be structurally programmed into such printed hygromorphs. Both the natural concept generator (Bhutan pinecone scale) and the biomimetic technical structure (4D printed scale) were comparatively investigated as to their displacement and strain over time via three-dimensional digital image correlation methods. Our bioinspired prototypes can be the basis for tailored autonomous and self-sufficient flap and scale structures performing complex consecutive motions for technical applications, e.g. in architecture and soft robotics. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bioinspired materials and surfaces for green science and technology (part 3)’.