Description:
<jats:p>Women constitute the majority of the aging United States (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">US</jats:styled-content>) population, and this has substantial implications on cancer population patterns and management practices. Breast cancer is the most common women's malignancy, while ovarian cancer is the most fatal gynecological malignancy in the <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">US</jats:styled-content>. In this review, we focus on these subsets of women's cancers, seen more commonly in postmenopausal and elderly women. In order to systematically investigate the complexity of cancer progression and response to treatment in breast and ovarian malignancies, we assert that integrated mathematical modeling frameworks viewed from a systems biology perspective are needed. Such integrated frameworks could offer innovative contributions to the clinical women's cancers community, as answers to clinical questions cannot always be reached with contemporary clinical and experimental tools. Here, we recapitulate clinically known data regarding the progression and treatment of the breast and ovarian cancers. We compare and contrast the two malignancies whenever possible in order to emphasize areas where substantial contributions could be made by clinically inspired and validated mathematical modeling. We show how current paradigms in the mathematical oncology community focusing on the two malignancies do not make comprehensive use of, nor substantially reflect existing clinical data, and we highlight the modeling areas in most critical need of clinical data integration. We emphasize that the primary goal of any mathematical study of women's cancers should be to address clinically relevant questions. <jats:italic>WIREs Syst Biol Med</jats:italic> 2016, 8:337–362. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1343</jats:p><jats:p>This article is categorized under:
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<jats:list-item><jats:p>Analytical and Computational Methods > Analytical Methods</jats:p></jats:list-item>
<jats:list-item><jats:p>Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Mechanistic Models</jats:p></jats:list-item>
<jats:list-item><jats:p>Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Translational Medicine</jats:p></jats:list-item>
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