Media type: E-Article Title: Pulmonary mycetomas in immunocompetent patients: Diagnosis by fine‐needle aspiration Contributor: Stanley, Michael W.; Deike, Marcia; Knoedler, John; Iber, Conrad Published: Wiley, 1992 Published in: Diagnostic Cytopathology, 8 (1992) 6, Seite 577-579 Language: English DOI: 10.1002/dc.2840080607 ISSN: 8755-1039; 1097-0339 Keywords: General Medicine ; Histology ; Pathology and Forensic Medicine Origination: Footnote: Description: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Mycetomas usually grow within preexisting cavities and frequently lead to pulmonary hemorrhage. We describe four males, aged 38 to 72 years, in whom mycetomas were diagnosed by FNA. Preexisting cavitary lesions resulted from tuberculosis, anaerobic absess, and bullous lung disease (two cases). Fine needle aspiration yielded tangled mats of fungal hyphae (large and grossly visible in three cases) and acute inflammatory cells. The atypical cells often seen in the walls of such lesions were not identified. Cultures showed Aspergillus (3 cases) Pseudoallescheria boydii (1 case). The diagnosis was surgically confirmed in two cases. Two patients were too ill for surgery and the fourth refused. At 7 and 10 months, the two remaining individuals have pulmonary hemorrhage but no evidence of progression or malignancy. In poor surgical candidates, conservative management of mycetomas diagnosed by fine needle aspiration is appropriate. Excluding mycetoma secondary to cavitary lung carcinoma requires careful correlation of historical, clinical, radiographic, cytologic, and follow‐up data. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</jats:p>