• Media type: E-Article
  • Title: Emulation of condensed fuel flames with gaseous fuels supplied through a porous copper calorimeter
  • Contributor: Auth, Eric; Quintiere, James G.; Sunderland, Peter B.
  • imprint: Wiley, 2020
  • Published in: Fire and Materials
  • Language: English
  • DOI: 10.1002/fam.2896
  • ISSN: 0308-0501; 1099-1018
  • Keywords: Metals and Alloys ; Polymers and Plastics ; General Chemistry ; Ceramics and Composites ; Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
  • Origination:
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  • Description: <jats:title>Summary</jats:title><jats:p>The burning rate emulator (BRE) is a burner that emulates condensed fuel flames using gaseous fuel/inert mixtures by matching four properties: the heat of combustion; the heat of gasification; the laminar smoke point; and the surface temperature. Matching the heat of gasification requires measuring the burner heat flux, for which the BRE has embedded heat flux gauges and a copper top‐plate calorimeter. Seven condensed fuels were emulated: acetone, ethanol, methanol, polyethylene, polymethylmethacrylate, polypropylene, and polystyrene. The gaseous fuels were methane, ethylene, and propylene, diluted with nitrogen. Emulation data and flame images are shown to demonstrate emulation accuracy. A new method of emulation is developed that shifts the focus on which properties are prioritized and yields ~15% improvement in flame height. Calibration and use of the calorimeter are shown to have improved accuracy (within 5%) which provides confidence in the results.</jats:p>