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Media type:
E-Article
Title:
Vertical distribution and bioavailability of 137Cs in organic and mineral soils
Contributor:
Kruse‐Irmer, Sven;
Giani, Luise
imprint:
Wiley, 2003
Published in:Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science
Language:
English
DOI:
10.1002/jpln.200321132
ISSN:
1522-2624;
1436-8730
Origination:
Footnote:
Description:
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The vertical distribution and bioavailability of <jats:sup>137</jats:sup>Cs in Histosols and mineral soils with different physicochemical properties from the southeast of Bavaria (Germany) more than ten years after the Chernobyl accident were the focus of this study.</jats:p><jats:p>The vertical distribution of <jats:sup>137</jats:sup>Cs was low in the investigated soils. About 85–98 % of the total <jats:sup>137</jats:sup>Cs was located in the upper 10 cm of the mineral soils. Slightly higher <jats:sup>137</jats:sup>Cs percentages were observed in deeper soil layers of the peat soils. Although the organic matter is assumed to enhance <jats:sup>137</jats:sup>Cs mobility in soils, <jats:sup>137</jats:sup>Cs was also located in the upper 10 cm of the peat soils (73–85 %). The highest <jats:sup>137</jats:sup>Cs‐activities were found in the humus layers of forest soils, where 45–93 % of the total <jats:sup>137</jats:sup>Cs soil inventories were observed. To determine the bioavailability of radiocesium, the soil‐to‐plant transfer of <jats:sup>137</jats:sup>Cs and additionally added <jats:sup>134</jats:sup>Cs was investigated under controlled conditions. The results revealed that the<jats:sup> 134+137</jats:sup>Cs soil‐to‐plant transfer factors as well as the percentages of NH<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>‐exchangeable <jats:sup>134+137</jats:sup>Cs were much higher for the peat soils and humus layers than for the mineral soils. Nevertheless, the migration of <jats:sup>137</jats:sup>Cs from the humus layers to the underlying soils was low. Considering the high bioavailability and low migration of radiocesium in the humus layers, it is suggested that radiocesium is involved in a shortcut element cycle in the system humus layer‐plant uptake‐litter. Furthermore, the organic matter has to be taken into account for radiocesium immobilization.</jats:p>