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Shi, Yanyan; Strobl, Ralf; Apfelbacher, Christian; Bahmer, Thomas; Geisler, Ramsia; Heuschmann, Peter; Horn, Anna; Hoven, Hanno; Keil, Thomas; Krawczak, Michael; Krist, Lilian; Lemhöfer, Christina; Lieb, Wolfgang; Lorenz-Depiereux, Bettina; Mikolajczyk, Rafael; Montellano, Felipe A.; Reese, Jens Peter; Schreiber, Stefan; Skoetz, Nicole; Störk, Stefan; Vehreschild, Jörg Janne; Witzenrath, Martin; Grill, Eva; Vehreschild, Maria J. G. T.; [...]

Persistent symptoms and risk factors predicting prolonged time to symptom-free after SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: an analysis of the baseline examination of the German COVIDOM/NAPKON-POP cohort

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  • Media type: E-Article
  • Title: Persistent symptoms and risk factors predicting prolonged time to symptom-free after SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: an analysis of the baseline examination of the German COVIDOM/NAPKON-POP cohort
  • Contributor: Shi, Yanyan; Strobl, Ralf; Apfelbacher, Christian; Bahmer, Thomas; Geisler, Ramsia; Heuschmann, Peter; Horn, Anna; Hoven, Hanno; Keil, Thomas; Krawczak, Michael; Krist, Lilian; Lemhöfer, Christina; Lieb, Wolfgang; Lorenz-Depiereux, Bettina; Mikolajczyk, Rafael; Montellano, Felipe A.; Reese, Jens Peter; Schreiber, Stefan; Skoetz, Nicole; Störk, Stefan; Vehreschild, Jörg Janne; Witzenrath, Martin; Grill, Eva; Vehreschild, Maria J. G. T.; [...]
  • Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023
  • Published in: Infection, 51 (2023) 6, Seite 1679-1694
  • Language: English
  • DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02043-6
  • ISSN: 0300-8126; 1439-0973
  • Origination:
  • Footnote:
  • Description: Abstract Purpose We aimed to assess symptoms in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection and to identify factors predicting prolonged time to symptom-free. Methods COVIDOM/NAPKON-POP is a population-based prospective cohort of adults whose first on-site visits were scheduled ≥ 6 months after a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. Retrospective data including self-reported symptoms and time to symptom-free were collected during the survey before a site visit. In the survival analyses, being symptom-free served as the event and time to be symptom-free as the time variable. Data were visualized with Kaplan–Meier curves, differences were tested with log-rank tests. A stratified Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of predictors, with aHR < 1 indicating a longer time to symptom-free. Results Of 1175 symptomatic participants included in the present analysis, 636 (54.1%) reported persistent symptoms after 280 days (SD 68) post infection. 25% of participants were free from symptoms after 18 days [quartiles: 14, 21]. Factors associated with prolonged time to symptom-free were age 49–59 years compared to < 49 years (aHR 0.70, 95% CI 0.56–0.87), female sex (aHR 0.78, 95% CI 0.65–0.93), lower educational level (aHR 0.77, 95% CI 0.64–0.93), living with a partner (aHR 0.81, 95% CI 0.66–0.99), low resilience (aHR 0.65, 95% CI 0.47–0.90), steroid treatment (aHR 0.22, 95% CI 0.05–0.90) and no medication (aHR 0.74, 95% CI 0.62–0.89) during acute infection. Conclusion In the studied population, COVID-19 symptoms had resolved in one-quarter of participants within 18 days, and in 34.5% within 28 days. Over half of the participants reported COVID-19-related symptoms 9 months after infection. Symptom persistence was predominantly determined by participant’s characteristics that are difficult to modify.