Description:
SummaryHeight is regarded as one of the indicators of environmental stress at population level, being an excellent barometer of standard of living. The aim of this study was to describe diversity in height among populations living in different regions of the Kingdom of Poland in terms of the economic factors in the second half of the 19th and early 20th century. This study examines the height of adult inhabitants from fiveguberniyas(provinces) of the Kingdom of Poland (Łomża, Warsaw, Radom, Kalisz and Płock) collected in the years 1897–1914 (N=732 men,N=569 women). Differences in average height of male and female inhabitants across the fiveguberniyaswere examined using ANOVA and the Fisher's LSD (Least Significant Difference) test of multiple comparisons. Statistically significant differences in the height between theguberniyaswere observed. Diversity in the economic development in the studiedguberniyasof the Kingdom of Poland translated into differences in the height of their inhabitants. Moreover, an increase in mean height over time was noted.