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Media type:
E-Article
Title:
Voice phenomenology as a mirror of the past
Contributor:
van den Berg, David;
Tolmeijer, Eva;
Jongeneel, Alyssa;
Staring, Anton B. P.;
Palstra, Eline;
van der Gaag, Mark;
Hardy, Amy
Published:
Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2023
Published in:
Psychological Medicine, 53 (2023) 7, Seite 2954-2962
Language:
English
DOI:
10.1017/s0033291721004955
ISSN:
0033-2917;
1469-8978
Origination:
Footnote:
Description:
AbstractBackgroundPost-traumatic mechanisms are theorised to contribute to voice-hearing in people with psychosis and a history of trauma. Phenomenological links between trauma and voices support this hypothesis, as they suggest post-traumatic processes contribute to the content of, and relationships with, voices. However, research has included small samples and lacked theory-based comprehensive assessments.MethodIn people with distressing voices (n = 73) who experienced trauma prior to voice-hearing, trauma–voice links were assessed both independently and dependently (descriptions were presented and rated separately and together, respectively) by both participants and researchers. A structured coding frame assessed four types of independent links (i.e. victimisation type, physiological-behavioural, emotional, and cognitive response themes including negative self-beliefs) and three types of dependent links: relational (similar interaction with/response to, voice and trauma); content (voice and trauma content are exactly the same); and identity (voice identity is the same as perpetrator).ResultsIndependent links were prevalent in participants (51–58%) and low to moderately present in researcher ratings (8–41%) for significant themes. Identification of negative self-beliefs in trauma was associated with a significantly higher likelihood of negative self-beliefs in voices [participants odds ratio (OR) 9.8; researchers OR 4.9]. Participants and researchers also reported many dependent links (80%, 66%, respectively), most frequently relational links (75%, 64%), followed by content (60%, 25%) and identity links (51%, 22%).ConclusionTrauma appears to be a strong shaping force for voice content and its psychological impact. The most common trauma–voice links involved the experience of cognitive-affective psychological threat, embodied in relational experiences. Trauma-induced mechanisms may be important intervention targets.