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Media type:
E-Article
Title:
Nutritional Preconditioning in Cancer Treatment in Relation to DNA Damage and Aging
Contributor:
van den Boogaard, Winnie M.C.;
van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marry M.;
Hoeijmakers, Jan H.J.;
Vermeij, Wilbert P.
Published:
Annual Reviews, 2021
Published in:
Annual Review of Cancer Biology, 5 (2021) 1, Seite 161-179
Language:
English
DOI:
10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-060820-090737
ISSN:
2472-3428
Origination:
Footnote:
Description:
Dietary restriction (DR) is the most successful nutritional intervention for extending lifespan and preserving health in numerous species. Reducing food intake triggers a protective response that shifts energy resources from growth to maintenance and resilience mechanisms. This so-called survival response has been shown to particularly increase life- and health span and decrease DNA damage in DNA repair–deficient mice exhibiting accelerated aging. Accumulation of DNA damage is the main cause of aging, but also of cancer. Moreover, radiotherapies and most chemotherapies are based on damaging DNA, consistent with their ability to induce toxicity and accelerate aging. Since fasting and DR decrease DNA damage and its effects, nutritional preconditioning holds promise for improving (cancer) therapy and preventing short- and long-term side effects of anticancer treatments. This review provides an overview of the link between aging and cancer, highlights important preclinical studies applying such nutritional preconditioning, and summarizes the first clinical trials implementing nutritional preconditioning in cancer treatment.