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Media type:
E-Article
Title:
Airway epithelium-derived relaxing factor: myth, reality, or naivety?
Contributor:
Vanhoutte, Paul M.
Published:
American Physiological Society, 2013
Published in:
American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, 304 (2013) 9, Seite C813-C820
Language:
English
DOI:
10.1152/ajpcell.00013.2013
ISSN:
0363-6143;
1522-1563
Origination:
Footnote:
Description:
The presence of a healthy epithelium can moderate the contraction of the underlying airway smooth muscle. This is, in part, because epithelial cells generate inhibitory messages, whether diffusible substances, electrophysiological signals, or both. The epithelium-dependent inhibitory effect can be tonic (basal), synergistic, or evoked. Rather than a unique epithelium-derived relaxing factor (EpDRF), several known endogenous bronchoactive mediators, including nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2, contribute. The early concept that EpDRF diffuses all the way through the subepithelial layers to directly relax the airway smooth muscle appears unlikely. It is more plausible that the epithelial cells release true messenger molecules, which alter the production of endogenous substances (nitric oxide and/or metabolites of arachidonic acid) by the subepithelial layers. These substances then diffuse to the airway smooth muscle cells, conveying epithelium dependency.