• Media type: E-Article
  • Title: Silent Hypoxia in COVID-19: A Case Series
  • Contributor: Fuehner, Thomas; Renger, Isabelle; Welte, Tobias; Freundt, Tobias; Gottlieb, Jens
  • Published: S. Karger AG, 2022
  • Published in: Respiration, 101 (2022) 4, Seite 376-380
  • Language: English
  • DOI: 10.1159/000520083
  • ISSN: 0025-7931; 1423-0356
  • Origination:
  • Footnote:
  • Description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an ongoing global crisis challenging the worldwide healthcare systems. Many patients present with a mismatch of profound hypoxemia and few signs of respiratory distress (i.e., silent hypoxemia). This particular clinical presentation is often cited, but data are limited. <b><i>Main Body:</i></b> We describe dyspnea sensation as assessed by using the BORG scale in pulmonary patients admitted to the emergency room during a 4-week period and transferred to the respiratory department of Siloah Hospital, Hannover, Germany. From October 1 to November 1, 2020, 82 patients with hypoxemia defined as oxygen demand to achieve an oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>) ≥92% were included. In 45/82 (55%) patients, SARS-CoV-2 was detected by PCR on admission. Among non-COVID patients, exacerbation of COPD was the main diagnosis (15/37, 41%). All subjects rated their perceived dyspnea using the modified Borg CR10 scale. Patients in the non-COVID group suffered from more dyspnea on the modified Borg CR10 scale (median 1, IQR: 0–2 vs. median 5, IQR: 3–6, <i>p</i> < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, “silent hypoxemia” as defined by the dyspnea Borg CR10 scale ≥5 was independently associated with COVID-19 and presence of severe hypocapnia with an odds ratio of 0.221 (95% confidence interval 0.054, 0.907, <i>p</i> 0.036). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Among pulmonary patients with acute hypoxemia defined as oxygen demand, patients suffering from COVID-19 experience less dyspnea compared to non-COVID patients. “Silent” hypoxemia was more common in COVID-19 patients.