Erard, Veronique;
Guthrie, Katherine A.;
Varley, Cara;
Heugel, Judson;
Wald, Anna;
Flowers, Mary E. D.;
Corey, Lawrence;
Boeckh, Michael
One-year acyclovir prophylaxis for preventing varicella-zoster virus disease after hematopoietic cell transplantation: no evidence of rebound varicella-zoster virus disease after drug discontinuation
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Media type:
E-Article
Title:
One-year acyclovir prophylaxis for preventing varicella-zoster virus disease after hematopoietic cell transplantation: no evidence of rebound varicella-zoster virus disease after drug discontinuation
Contributor:
Erard, Veronique;
Guthrie, Katherine A.;
Varley, Cara;
Heugel, Judson;
Wald, Anna;
Flowers, Mary E. D.;
Corey, Lawrence;
Boeckh, Michael
Published:
American Society of Hematology, 2007
Published in:
Blood, 110 (2007) 8, Seite 3071-3077
Language:
English
DOI:
10.1182/blood-2007-03-077644
ISSN:
1528-0020;
0006-4971
Origination:
Footnote:
Description:
Abstract No consensus exists on whether acyclovir prophylaxis should be given for varicella-zoster virus (VZV) prophylaxis after hematopoietic cell transplantation because of the concern of “rebound” VZV disease after discontinuation of prophylaxis. To determine whether rebound VZV disease is an important clinical problem and whether prolonging prophylaxis beyond 1 year is beneficial, we examined 3 sequential cohorts receiving acyclovir from day of transplantation until engraftment for prevention of herpes simplex virus reactivation (n = 932); acyclovir or valacyclovir 1 year (n = 1117); or acyclovir/valacyclovir for at least 1 year or longer if patients remained on immunosuppressive drugs (n = 586). In multivariable statistical models, prophylaxis given for 1 year significantly reduced VZV disease (P < .001) without evidence of rebound VZV disease. Continuation of prophylaxis beyond 1 year in allogeneic recipients who remained on immunosuppressive drugs led to a further reduction in VZV disease (P = .01) but VZV disease developed in 6.1% during the second year while receiving this strategy. In conclusion, acyclovir/valacyclovir prophylaxis given for 1 year led to a persistent benefit after drug discontinuation and no evidence of a rebound effect. To effectively prevent VZV disease in long-term hematopoietic cell transplantation survivors, additional approaches such as vaccination will probably be required.