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Zhao, Hanbo; Liu, Hangwei; Liu, Yipeng; Wang, Chan; Ma, Baiwei; Zhang, Mengjun; Zhang, Yan; Liu, Yang; Yang, Bin; Wang, Sen; Jiang, Fan; Wang, Hengchao; Wang, Anqi; Xu, Dong; Wang, Guirong; Fan, Wei

Chromosome‐level genomes of two armyworms, Mythimna separata and Mythimna loreyi, provide insights into the biosynthesis and reception of sex pheromones

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  • Media type: E-Article
  • Title: Chromosome‐level genomes of two armyworms, Mythimna separata and Mythimna loreyi, provide insights into the biosynthesis and reception of sex pheromones
  • Contributor: Zhao, Hanbo; Liu, Hangwei; Liu, Yipeng; Wang, Chan; Ma, Baiwei; Zhang, Mengjun; Zhang, Yan; Liu, Yang; Yang, Bin; Wang, Sen; Jiang, Fan; Wang, Hengchao; Wang, Anqi; Xu, Dong; Wang, Guirong; Fan, Wei
  • imprint: Wiley, 2023
  • Published in: Molecular Ecology Resources
  • Language: English
  • DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13809
  • ISSN: 1755-098X; 1755-0998
  • Keywords: Genetics ; Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ; Biotechnology
  • Origination:
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  • Description: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Mythimna separata</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Mythimna loreyi</jats:italic> are global pests of gramineous cereals, heavily controlled with synthetic insecticides. Here, we generated two high‐quality chromosome‐level genome assemblies for <jats:italic>M. separata</jats:italic> (688 Mb) and <jats:italic>M. loreyi</jats:italic> (683 Mb). Our analysis identified Z and W chromosomes, with few genes and abundant transposable elements (TEs) found on the W chromosome. We also observed a recent explosion of long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs), which contributed to the larger genomes of <jats:italic>Mythimna</jats:italic>. The two armyworms diverged ~10.5 MYA, with only three chromosomes have intrachromosomal rearrangements. Additionally, we observed a tandem repeat expansion of α‐amylase genes in <jats:italic>Mythimna</jats:italic>, which may promote the digestion of carbohydrates and exacerbate their damage to crops. Furthermore, we inferred the sex pheromone biosynthesis pathway for <jats:italic>M. separata</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>M. loreyi</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Spodoptera frugiperda</jats:italic>. We discovered that <jats:italic>M. loreyi</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S. frugiperda</jats:italic> synthesized the same major constituents of sex pheromones through different pathways. Specifically, the double bonds in the dominant sex pheromone components of <jats:italic>S. frugiperda</jats:italic> were generated by Δ9‐ and Δ11‐desaturase, while they were generated by Δ11‐desaturase and chain‐shortening reactions in <jats:italic>M. loreyi</jats:italic>. We also identified pheromone receptor (PR) genes and inferred their corresponding components. These findings provide a better understanding of sex pheromone communication and promote the development of a new pest control strategy involving pheromone traps, which are more effective and environmentally friendly than current strategies.</jats:p>