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Haywood, Allison J.; Steidinger, Karen A.; Truby, Earnest W.; Bergquist, Patricia R.; Bergquist, Peter L.; Adamson, Janet; Mackenzie, Lincoln

COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY AND MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF THREE NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS KARENIA (DINOPHYCEAE) FROM NEW ZEALAND1

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  • Media type: E-Article
  • Title: COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY AND MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF THREE NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS KARENIA (DINOPHYCEAE) FROM NEW ZEALAND1
  • Contributor: Haywood, Allison J.; Steidinger, Karen A.; Truby, Earnest W.; Bergquist, Patricia R.; Bergquist, Peter L.; Adamson, Janet; Mackenzie, Lincoln
  • imprint: Wiley, 2004
  • Published in: Journal of Phycology
  • Language: English
  • DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-3646.2004.02-149.x
  • ISSN: 0022-3646; 1529-8817
  • Origination:
  • Footnote:
  • Description: <jats:p>Three new dinoflagellate species, <jats:italic>Karenia papilionacea</jats:italic> sp. nov., <jats:italic>Karenia selliformis</jats:italic> sp. nov., and <jats:italic>Karenia bidigitata</jats:italic> sp. nov., were compared with the toxic species <jats:italic>Karenia mikimotoi</jats:italic> (Miyake &amp; Kominami <jats:italic>ex</jats:italic> Oda) G. Hansen &amp; Moestrup, <jats:italic>Karenia brevis</jats:italic> (Davis) G. Hansen &amp; Moestrup, and <jats:italic>Karenia brevisulcata</jats:italic> (Chang) G. Hansen &amp; Moestrup using the same fixative. Distinguishing morphological characters for the genus <jats:italic>Karenia</jats:italic> included a smooth theca and a linear apical groove. The new species can be distinguished on the basis of morphological characters of vegetative cells that include the location and shape of the nucleus; the relative excavation of the hypotheca; the characteristics of apical and sulcal groove extensions on the epitheca; the cellular shape, size, and symmetry; the degree of dorsoventral compression; and the presence of an apical protrusion or carina. Species with pronounced dorsoventral compression swim in a distinctive fluttering motion. An intercingular tubular structure traversing the proximal and distal ends of the cingulum is common to the species of <jats:italic>Karenia</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Karlodinium micrum</jats:italic> (Leadbeater &amp; Dodge) J. Larsen, <jats:italic>Gymnodinium pulchellum</jats:italic> J. Larsen, and <jats:italic>Gyrodinium corsicum</jats:italic> Paulmier. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of rDNA sequence alignments show that the new species are phylogenetically distinct but closely related to <jats:italic>K. mikimotoi</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>K. brevis</jats:italic>.</jats:p>