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Media type:
E-Article
Title:
The ERN1 transcription factor gene is a target of the CCaMK/CYCLOPS complex and controls rhizobial infection in Lotus japonicus
Contributor:
Cerri, Marion R.;
Wang, Quanhui;
Stolz, Paul;
Folgmann, Jessica;
Frances, Lisa;
Katzer, Katja;
Li, Xiaolin;
Heckmann, Anne B.;
Wang, Trevor L.;
Downie, J. Allan;
Klingl, Andreas;
de Carvalho‐Niebel, Fernanda;
Xie, Fang;
Parniske, Martin
imprint:
Wiley, 2017
Published in:New Phytologist
Language:
English
DOI:
10.1111/nph.14547
ISSN:
0028-646X;
1469-8137
Origination:
Footnote:
Description:
<jats:title>Summary</jats:title><jats:p>
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<jats:list-item><jats:p>Bacterial accommodation inside living plant cells is restricted to the nitrogen‐fixing root nodule symbiosis. In many legumes, bacterial uptake is mediated via tubular structures called infection threads (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">IT</jats:styled-content>s).</jats:p></jats:list-item>
<jats:list-item><jats:p>To identify plant genes required for successful symbiotic infection, we screened an ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenized population of <jats:italic>Lotus japonicus</jats:italic> for mutants defective in <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">IT</jats:styled-content> formation and cloned the responsible gene, <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">ERN</jats:styled-content>1</jats:italic>, encoding an <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">AP2/ERF</jats:styled-content> transcription factor. We performed phenotypic analysis of two independent <jats:italic>L. japonicus</jats:italic> mutant alleles and investigated the regulation of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">ERN</jats:styled-content>1</jats:italic> via transactivation and <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">DNA</jats:styled-content>–protein interaction assays.</jats:p></jats:list-item>
<jats:list-item><jats:p>In <jats:italic>ern1</jats:italic> mutant roots, nodule primordia formed, but most remained uninfected and bacterial entry via <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">IT</jats:styled-content>s into the root epidermis was abolished. Infected cortical nodule cells contained bacteroids, but transcellular <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">IT</jats:styled-content>s were rarely observed. A subset exhibited localized cell wall degradation and loss of cell integrity associated with bacteroid spread into neighbouring cells and the apoplast.</jats:p></jats:list-item>
<jats:list-item><jats:p>Functional promoter studies revealed that <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CYCLOPS</jats:styled-content> binds in a sequence‐specific manner to a motif within the <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">ERN</jats:styled-content>1</jats:italic> promoter and in combination with <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CC</jats:styled-content>a<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">MK</jats:styled-content> positively regulates <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">ERN</jats:styled-content>1</jats:italic> transcription. We conclude that the activation of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">ERN</jats:styled-content>1</jats:italic> by <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CC</jats:styled-content>a<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">MK</jats:styled-content>/<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CYCLOPS</jats:styled-content> complex is an important step controlling <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">IT</jats:styled-content>‐mediated bacterial progression into plant cells.</jats:p></jats:list-item>
</jats:list>
</jats:p>