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Bartholomay, Lyric C.; Waterhouse, Robert M.; Mayhew, George F.; Campbell, Corey L.; Michel, Kristin; Zou, Zhen; Ramirez, Jose L.; Das, Suchismita; Alvarez, Kanwal; Arensburger, Peter; Bryant, Bart; Chapman, Sinead B.; Dong, Yuemei; Erickson, Sara M.; Karunaratne, S. H. P. Parakrama; Kokoza, Vladimir; Kodira, Chinnappa D.; Pignatelli, Patricia; Shin, Sang Woon; Vanlandingham, Dana L.; Atkinson, Peter W.; Birren, Bruce; Christophides, George K.; Clem, Rollie J.; [...]

Pathogenomics of Culex quinquefasciatus and Meta-Analysis of Infection Responses to Diverse Pathogens

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  • Media type: E-Article
  • Title: Pathogenomics of Culex quinquefasciatus and Meta-Analysis of Infection Responses to Diverse Pathogens
  • Contributor: Bartholomay, Lyric C.; Waterhouse, Robert M.; Mayhew, George F.; Campbell, Corey L.; Michel, Kristin; Zou, Zhen; Ramirez, Jose L.; Das, Suchismita; Alvarez, Kanwal; Arensburger, Peter; Bryant, Bart; Chapman, Sinead B.; Dong, Yuemei; Erickson, Sara M.; Karunaratne, S. H. P. Parakrama; Kokoza, Vladimir; Kodira, Chinnappa D.; Pignatelli, Patricia; Shin, Sang Woon; Vanlandingham, Dana L.; Atkinson, Peter W.; Birren, Bruce; Christophides, George K.; Clem, Rollie J.; [...]
  • imprint: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2010
  • Published in: Science
  • Language: English
  • DOI: 10.1126/science.1193162
  • ISSN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
  • Keywords: Multidisciplinary
  • Origination:
  • Footnote:
  • Description: <jats:title>Closing the Vector Circle</jats:title> <jats:p> The genome sequence of <jats:italic>Culex quinquefasciatus</jats:italic> offers a representative of the third major genus of mosquito disease vectors for comparative analysis. In a major international effort, <jats:bold> Arensburger <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> </jats:bold> (p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" page="86" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="330" xlink:href="10.1126/science.1191864">86</jats:related-article> ) uncovered divergences in the <jats:italic>C. quinquefasciatus</jats:italic> genome compared with the representatives of the other two genera <jats:italic>Aedes aegypti</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Anopheles gambiae</jats:italic> . The main difference noted is the expansion of numbers of genes, particularly for immunity, oxidoreductive functions, and digestive enzymes, which may reflect specific aspects of the <jats:italic>Culex</jats:italic> life cycle. <jats:bold> Bartholomay <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> </jats:bold> (p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" page="88" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="330" xlink:href="10.1126/science.1193162">88</jats:related-article> ) explored infection-response genes in <jats:italic>Culex</jats:italic> in more depth and uncovered 500 immune response-related genes, similar to the numbers seen in <jats:italic>Aedes</jats:italic> , but fewer than seen in <jats:italic>Anopheles</jats:italic> or the fruit fly <jats:italic>Drosophila melanogaster</jats:italic> . The higher numbers of genes were attributed partly to expansions in those encoding serpins, C-type lectins, and fibrinogen-related proteins, consistent with greater immune surveillance and associated signaling needed to monitor the dangers of breeding in polluted, urbanized environments. Transcriptome analysis confirmed that inoculation with unfamiliar bacteria prompted strong immune responses in <jats:italic>Culex</jats:italic> . The worm and virus pathogens that the mosquitoes transmit naturally provoked little immune activation, however, suggesting that tolerance has evolved to any damage caused by replication of the pathogens in the insects. </jats:p>