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Media type:
E-Article
Title:
Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Eight European Countries from 2001 to 2003
Contributor:
Reinert, Ralf René;
Reinert, Susanne;
van der Linden, Mark;
Cil, Murat Y.;
Al-Lahham, Adnan;
Appelbaum, Peter
Published:
American Society for Microbiology, 2005
Published in:
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 49 (2005) 7, Seite 2903-2913
Language:
English
DOI:
10.1128/aac.49.7.2903-2913.2005
ISSN:
0066-4804;
1098-6596
Origination:
Footnote:
Description:
<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
<jats:p>
Susceptibility testing results for
<jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae</jats:italic>
isolates (
<jats:italic>n</jats:italic>
= 2,279) from eight European countries, examined in the PneumoWorld Study from 2001 to 2003, are presented. Overall, 24.6% of
<jats:italic>S. pneumoniae</jats:italic>
isolates were nonsusceptible to penicillin G and 28.0% were resistant to macrolides. The prevalence of resistance varied widely between European countries, with the highest rates of penicillin G and macrolide resistance reported from Spain and France. Serotype 14 was the leading serotype among penicillin G- and macrolide-resistant
<jats:italic>S. pneumoniae</jats:italic>
isolates. One strain (PW 158) showed a combination of an efflux type of resistance with a 23S rRNA mutation (A2061G, pneumococcal numbering; A2059G,
<jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic>
numbering). Six strains which showed negative results for
<jats:italic>mef</jats:italic>
(A) and
<jats:italic>erm</jats:italic>
(B) in repeated PCR assays had mutations in 23S rRNA or alterations in the L4 ribosomal protein (two strains). Fluoroquinolone resistance rates (levofloxacin MIC ≥ 4 μg/ml) were low (Austria, 0%; Belgium, 0.7%; France, 0.9%; Germany, 0.4%; Italy, 1.3%; Portugal, 1.2%; Spain, 1.0%; and Switzerland, 0%). Analysis of quinolone resistance-determining regions showed eight strains with a Ser81 alteration in
<jats:italic>gyrA</jats:italic>
; 13 of 18 strains showed a Ser79 alteration in
<jats:italic>parC</jats:italic>
. The clonal profile, as analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), showed that the 18 fluoroquinolone-resistant strains were genetically heterogeneous. Seven of the 18 strains belonged to new sequence types not hitherto described in the MLST database. Europe-wide surveillance for monitoring of the further spread of these antibiotic-resistant
<jats:italic>S. pneumoniae</jats:italic>
clones is warranted.
</jats:p>