Grivea, Ioanna N.;
Al-Lahham, Adnan;
Katopodis, George D.;
Syrogiannopoulos, George A.;
Reinert, Ralf René
Resistance to Erythromycin and Telithromycin in Streptococcus pyogenes Isolates Obtained between 1999 and 2002 from Greek Children with Tonsillopharyngitis: Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis
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Media type:
E-Article
Title:
Resistance to Erythromycin and Telithromycin in Streptococcus pyogenes Isolates Obtained between 1999 and 2002 from Greek Children with Tonsillopharyngitis: Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis
Contributor:
Grivea, Ioanna N.;
Al-Lahham, Adnan;
Katopodis, George D.;
Syrogiannopoulos, George A.;
Reinert, Ralf René
Published:
American Society for Microbiology, 2006
Published in:
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 50 (2006) 1, Seite 256-261
Description:
<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
<jats:p>
Since the late 1990s, the prevalence of erythromycin-resistant
<jats:italic>Streptococcus pyogenes</jats:italic>
has significantly increased in several European countries. Between January 1999 and December 2002, 1,577 isolates of
<jats:italic>S. pyogenes</jats:italic>
were recovered from children with tonsillopharyngitis living in various areas of Western Greece. Erythromycin resistance was observed in 379 (24%) of the 1,577 isolates. All erythromycin-resistant strains along with 153 randomly selected erythromycin-susceptible
<jats:italic>S. pyogenes</jats:italic>
isolates were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility, resistance phenotypes, and genotypes. Representative isolates underwent
<jats:italic>emm</jats:italic>
gene sequence typing. Isolates with reduced susceptibility to telithromycin (MIC, ≥2 μg/ml) were studied for multilocus sequence type, L22, L4, and 23S rRNA mutations. Of the total 379 erythromycin-resistant isolates, 193 (50.9%) harbored the
<jats:italic>mef</jats:italic>
(A) gene, 163 (43%)
<jats:italic>erm</jats:italic>
(A), 1 (0.3%)
<jats:italic>mef</jats:italic>
(A) plus
<jats:italic>erm</jats:italic>
(A), and 22 (5.8%) the
<jats:italic>erm</jats:italic>
(B) gene. Among the erythromycin-susceptible isolates,
<jats:italic>emm</jats:italic>
1 (25%),
<jats:italic>emm</jats:italic>
2 (12.5%), and
<jats:italic>emm</jats:italic>
77 (12.5%) predominated. Furthermore, among the erythromycin-resistant isolates,
<jats:italic>emm</jats:italic>
4 (30.6%),
<jats:italic>emm</jats:italic>
28 (22.2%), and
<jats:italic>emm</jats:italic>
77 (12.5%) prevailed. Resistance to telithromycin was observed in 22 (5.8%) of the erythromycin-resistant isolates. Sixteen (72.7%) of the 22 isolates appeared to be clonally related, since all of them belonged to
<jats:italic>emm</jats:italic>
type 28 and multilocus sequence type 52. One of the well-known mutations (T2166C) in 23S rRNA, as well as a new one (T2136C), was detected in erythromycin- and telithromycin-resistant isolates. High incidence of macrolide resistance and clonal spread of telithromycin resistance were the characteristics of the Greek
<jats:italic>S. pyogenes</jats:italic>
isolates obtained from 1999 to 2002.
</jats:p>