Elshahed, Mostafa S.;
Youssef, Noha H.;
Luo, Qingwei;
Najar, Fares Z.;
Roe, Bruce A.;
Sisk, Tracy M.;
Bühring, Solveig I.;
Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe;
Krumholz, Lee R.
Phylogenetic and Metabolic Diversity of Planctomycetes from Anaerobic, Sulfide- and Sulfur-Rich Zodletone Spring, Oklahoma
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Media type:
E-Article
Title:
Phylogenetic and Metabolic Diversity of Planctomycetes from Anaerobic, Sulfide- and Sulfur-Rich Zodletone Spring, Oklahoma
Contributor:
Elshahed, Mostafa S.;
Youssef, Noha H.;
Luo, Qingwei;
Najar, Fares Z.;
Roe, Bruce A.;
Sisk, Tracy M.;
Bühring, Solveig I.;
Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe;
Krumholz, Lee R.
imprint:
American Society for Microbiology, 2007
Published in:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Language:
English
DOI:
10.1128/aem.00591-07
ISSN:
0099-2240;
1098-5336
Origination:
Footnote:
Description:
<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
<jats:p>
We investigated the phylogenetic diversity and metabolic capabilities of members of the phylum
<jats:italic>Planctomycetes</jats:italic>
in the anaerobic, sulfide-saturated sediments of a mesophilic spring (Zodletone Spring) in southwestern Oklahoma. Culture-independent analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences generated using
<jats:italic>Planctomycetes</jats:italic>
-biased primer pairs suggested that an extremely diverse community of
<jats:italic>Planctomycetes</jats:italic>
is present at the spring. Although sequences that are phylogenetically affiliated with cultured heterotrophic
<jats:italic>Planctomycetes</jats:italic>
were identified, the majority of the sequences belonged to several globally distributed, as-yet-uncultured
<jats:italic>Planctomycetes</jats:italic>
lineages. Using complex organic media (aqueous extracts of the spring sediments and rumen fluid), we isolated two novel strains that belonged to the
<jats:italic>Pirellula-Rhodopirellula-Blastopirellula</jats:italic>
clade within the
<jats:italic>Planctomycetes</jats:italic>
. The two strains had identical 16S rRNA gene sequences, and their closest relatives were isolates from Kiel Fjord (Germany), Keauhou Beach (HI), a marine aquarium, and tissues of marine organisms (
<jats:italic>Aplysina</jats:italic>
sp. sponges and postlarvae of the giant tiger prawn
<jats:italic>Penaeus monodon</jats:italic>
). The closest recognized cultured relative of strain Zi62 was
<jats:italic>Blastopirellula marina</jats:italic>
(93.9% sequence similarity). Detailed characterization of strain Zi62 revealed its ability to reduce elemental sulfur to sulfide under anaerobic conditions, as well as its ability to produce acids from sugars; both characteristics may potentially allow strain Zi62 to survive and grow in the anaerobic, sulfide- and sulfur-rich environment at the spring source. Overall, this work indicates that anaerobic metabolic abilities are widely distributed among all major
<jats:italic>Planctomycetes</jats:italic>
lineages and suggests carbohydrate fermentation and sulfur reduction as possible mechanisms employed by heterotrophic
<jats:italic>Planctomycetes</jats:italic>
for growth and survival under anaerobic conditions.
</jats:p>