Description:
<jats:p>In this paper, a volume phase holographic optical element based digital
holographic interferometer is designed and used for quantitative phase
imaging of biological cells [white blood cells, red blood cells,
platelets, and <jats:italic toggle="yes">Staphylococcus aureus</jats:italic>
(<jats:italic toggle="yes">S. aureus</jats:italic>) bacteria cells]. The
experimental results reveal that sharp images of the <jats:italic toggle="yes">S. aureus</jats:italic> bacteria cells of the order of <jats:inline-formula>
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline">
<mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mml:mo>∼<!-- ∼ --></mml:mo>
</mml:mrow>
<mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mml:mn>1</mml:mn>
</mml:mrow>
<mml:mspace width="thickmathspace" />
<mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mml:mtext>µ<!-- µ --></mml:mtext>
<mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mml:mi mathvariant="normal">m</mml:mi>
</mml:mrow>
</mml:mrow>
</mml:math>
</jats:inline-formula> can be clearly seen. The volume phase
holographic grating will remove the stray light from the system
reaching toward the grating and will minimize the coherent noise
(speckle noise). This will improve the sharpness in the image
reconstructed from the recorded digital hologram.</jats:p>