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Media type:
E-Article
Title:
The Prevalence and Trends of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Impairments in the United States from 2008–2018
Contributor:
Knoll, Kelly;
Rhee, Yeong;
Hamm, Jeremy M.;
Hammer, Kimberly D.P.;
Heimbuch, Halli;
Holloway, Jeremy;
Jurivich, Donald;
Lahr, Peyton;
McGrath, Brenda;
Parker, Kelly;
Robinson-Lane, Sheria;
Stover, Emily;
Tomkinson, Grant R.;
McGrath, Ryan
Published:
IOS Press, 2023
Published in:
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports, 7 (2023) 1, Seite 271-278
Language:
Without Specification
DOI:
10.3233/adr-220107
ISSN:
2542-4823
Origination:
Footnote:
Description:
Background: Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) are neuropsychological-driven tasks that are linked to cognitive dysfunction. Examining population-based IADL deficits may reveal insights for the presence of these impairments in the United States. Objective: This investigation sought to evaluate the prevalence and trends of IADL impairments in Americans. Methods: A secondary analysis of data from the 2006–2018 waves of the Health and Retirement Study was conducted. The overall unweighted analytic sample included 29,764 Americans aged≥50 years. Respondents indicated their ability to perform six IADLs: manage money, manage medications, use a telephone, prepare hot meals, shop for groceries, and use a map. Persons reporting difficulty or an inability to complete an individual IADL were considered as having a task-specific impairment. Similarly, those indicating difficulty or an inability to perform any IADL were classified as having an IADL impairment. Sample weights were utilized to generate nationally-representative estimates. Results: Having an impairment in using a map (2018 wave: 15.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 15.0–16.4) had the highest prevalence in individual IADLs regardless of wave examined. The overall prevalence of IADL impairments declined during the study period (p < 0.001) to 25.4% (CI: 24.5–26.2) in the 2018 wave. Older Americans and women had a consistently higher prevalence of IADL impairments compared to middle-aged Americans and men, respectively. The prevalence of IADL impairments was also highest among Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks. Conclusion: IADL impairments have declined over time. Continued surveillance of IADLs may help inform cognitive screening, identify subpopulations at risk of impairment, and guide relevant policy.