Description:
Abstract Myopia is an important and common eye disease as it can induce many other associated eye diseases and even lead to legal blindness. The prevention and treatment of myopia is an important public problem worldwide. We found that the expression levels of several inflammatory molecules are altered in the retina and sclera of FDM hamsters. To affirm the possible correlation between inflammatory reaction and myopia progression, cyclosporine A was used to treat FDM rats. We found that inhibiting inflammatory responses in the eye slowed myopia progression, whereas increasing inflammation by LPS and PGN enhanced myopia advancement. The expression levels of TGF-β, MMP2, CHRM1, CHRM3, Id1, c-Fos, NF-κB, IL6, and TNF-α were up-regulated in occluded eyes and down-regulated when treated with atropine and cyclosporine A. Id1, c-Fos, NF-κB, IL6, and TNF-α are known to have important roles in inflammatory reactions. Our results showed that immune and inflammatory reactions would alter the progression of myopia through modulation of inflammation responses.