Mostafa, Heba;
Vogel, Peter;
Srinivasan, Ashok;
Russell, Charles J
Parainfluenza virus spread into the lower respiratory tract of immunocompromised hosts: Antibodies but not G-CSF reduce viral load and accelerate clearance
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Media type:
E-Article
Title:
Parainfluenza virus spread into the lower respiratory tract of immunocompromised hosts: Antibodies but not G-CSF reduce viral load and accelerate clearance
Contributor:
Mostafa, Heba;
Vogel, Peter;
Srinivasan, Ashok;
Russell, Charles J
imprint:
The American Association of Immunologists, 2016
Description:
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
<jats:p>In immunocompromised patients, parainfluenza virus (PIV) infections have a higher potential of spread to the lower respiratory tract (LRT), increasing morbidity and mortality. Understanding the immunological defects that facilitate the spread of the infection to the LRT among high-risk populations will help developing better management protocols. In this study, we suppressed the immune system in mice using the widely used anti-leukemic drugs: dexamethasone and/ or cyclophosphamide. We monitored the spread of viral infection into the LRT by non-invasive bioluminescence imaging system using a reporter Sendai virus (murine PIV type 1). Our results show immunosuppression leads to a delay in clearance of infection and higher lung viral loads. A rebound in the peripheral neutrophils counts coincided with initiation of viral clearance. However, treatment of immunosuppressed mice with neutrophil-specific antibodies to delay neutrophil rebound did not delay clearance, and treatment with G-CSF to increase neutrophils counts did not accelerate clearance. On the other hand, treating immunocompromised mice with either Sendai virus-specific polysera or monoclonal antibodies reduced viral progression to the lung and accelerated viral clearance. This study demonstrates the strength of non-invasive bioluminescence in both studying respiratory viral progression and evaluating candidate intervention strategies. The findings challenge the potential benefit of using G-CSF in PIV pneumonia and suggest a therapeutic potential of virus-specific antibodies.</jats:p>