> Details

Makarova, Maria V.; Alberti, Carlos; Ionov, Dmitry V.; Hase, Frank; Foka, Stefani C.; Blumenstock, Thomas; Warneke, Thorsten; Virolainen, Yana A.; Kostsov, Vladimir S.; Frey, Matthias; Poberovskii, Anatoly V.; Timofeyev, Yuri M.; Paramonova, Nina N.; Volkova, Kristina A.; Zaitsev, Nikita A.; Biryukov, Egor Y.; Osipov, Sergey I.; Makarov, Boris K.; Polyakov, Alexander V.; Ivakhov, Viktor M.; Imhasin, Hamud Kh.; Mikhailov, Eugene F.

Emission Monitoring Mobile Experiment (EMME): an overview and first results of the St. Petersburg megacity campaign 2019

Reference
management

Bookmarks

Remove from
bookmarks

Share this on Whatsapp

Close

Bookmarks



You can manage bookmarks using lists, please log in to your user account for this.
  • Media type: E-Article
  • Title: Emission Monitoring Mobile Experiment (EMME): an overview and first results of the St. Petersburg megacity campaign 2019
  • Contributor: Makarova, Maria V.; Alberti, Carlos; Ionov, Dmitry V.; Hase, Frank; Foka, Stefani C.; Blumenstock, Thomas; Warneke, Thorsten; Virolainen, Yana A.; Kostsov, Vladimir S.; Frey, Matthias; Poberovskii, Anatoly V.; Timofeyev, Yuri M.; Paramonova, Nina N.; Volkova, Kristina A.; Zaitsev, Nikita A.; Biryukov, Egor Y.; Osipov, Sergey I.; Makarov, Boris K.; Polyakov, Alexander V.; Ivakhov, Viktor M.; Imhasin, Hamud Kh.; Mikhailov, Eugene F.
  • Published: Copernicus GmbH, 2021
  • Published in: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 14 (2021) 2, Seite 1047-1073
  • Language: English
  • DOI: 10.5194/amt-14-1047-2021
  • ISSN: 1867-8548
  • Origination:
  • Footnote:
  • Description: Abstract. Global climate change is one of the most important scientific, societal and economic contemporary challenges. Fundamental understanding of the majorprocesses driving climate change is the key problem which is to be solved not only on a global but also on a regional scale. The accuracy of regionalclimate modelling depends on a number of factors. One of these factors is the adequate and comprehensive information on the anthropogenic impactwhich is highest in industrial regions and areas with dense population – modern megacities. Megacities are not only “heat islands”, but alsosignificant sources of emissions of various substances into the atmosphere, including greenhouse and reactive gases. In 2019, the mobile experimentEMME (Emission Monitoring Mobile Experiment) was conducted within the St. Petersburg agglomeration (Russia) aiming to estimate the emissionintensity of greenhouse (CO2, CH4) and reactive (CO, NOx) gases for St. Petersburg, which is the largestnorthern megacity. St. Petersburg State University (Russia), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Germany) and the University of Bremen (Germany)jointly ran this experiment. The core instruments of the campaign were two portable Bruker EM27/SUN Fouriertransform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers which were used forground-based remote sensing measurements of the total column amount of CO2, CH4 and CO at upwind and downwind locations onopposite sides of the city. The NO2 tropospheric column amount was observed along a circular highway around the city by continuous mobilemeasurements of scattered solar visible radiation with an OceanOptics HR4000 spectrometer using the differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) technique. Simultaneously, air samples werecollected in air bags for subsequent laboratory analysis. The air samples were taken at the locations of FTIR observations at the ground level andalso at altitudes of about 100 m when air bags were lifted by a kite (in case of suitable landscape and favourable wind conditions). Theentire campaign consisted of 11 mostly cloudless days of measurements in March–April 2019. Planning of measurements for each day included thedetermination of optimal location for FTIR spectrometers based on weather forecasts, combined with the numerical modelling of the pollution transportin the megacity area. The real-time corrections of the FTIR operation sites were performed depending on the actual evolution of the megacityNOx plume as detected by the mobile DOAS observations. The estimates of the St. Petersburg emission intensities for theconsidered greenhouse and reactive gases were obtained by coupling a box model and the results of the EMME observational campaign using the massbalance approach. The CO2 emission flux for St. Petersburg as an area source was estimated to be 89 ± 28 ktkm-2yr-1,which is 2 times higher than the corresponding value in the EDGAR database. The experiment revealed the CH4 emission flux of135 ± 68 tkm-2yr-1, which is about 1 order of magnitude greater than the value reported by the official inventories ofSt. Petersburg emissions (∼ 25 tkm-2yr-1 for 2017). At the same time, for the urban territory of St. Petersburg, both theEMME experiment and the official inventories for 2017 give similar results for the CO anthropogenic flux(251 ± 104 tkm-2yr-1 vs. 410 tkm-2yr-1) and for the NOx anthropogenic flux(66 ± 28 tkm-2yr-1 vs. 69 tkm-2yr-1).
  • Access State: Open Access