Background: The term 'systems medicine' (SM) has been shaping the discussion about future health care for some years now. However, if costs are incurred by systems medicine that cannot be covered by corresponding revenues, SM will hardly become a standard without external incentives. To make a statement on the potential economic benefits of a systems medicine approach, it is therefore necessary to identify the resulting costs and possible revenues. Furthermore, it is expected that there will be an increase in so-called incidental findings, which may have economic consequences. Methods: The primary goal is to determine the costs and revenues of systems medicine approaches and the occurrence of incidental findings for selected diagnostics (whole-body CT, depression diagnostics, whole genomes/exome sequencing), in order to derive implications for any necessary adjustment of the financing of medical services. Results: The term 'system medicine' does not currently exist, but rather a multitude of measures are united behind this word which pursue the common goal of better health care and at least in parts represent a continuation of individualized or personalized medicine. The statutory health insurance (SHI) funds, as important decision makers in the adoption of innovations in health care, see a certain potential in systems medicine for an improved and more efficient detection, treatment and therapy of diseases, but emphasize the largely missing, evidence-based proof of benefit ...