Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are highly activated and functionally impaired in COVID-19 patients

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Titel: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are highly activated and functionally impaired in COVID-19 patients

Beteiligte: Deschler, Sebastian [Verfasser:in]; Kager, Juliane [Verfasser:in]; Erber, Johanna [Verfasser:in]; Fricke, Lisa [Verfasser:in]; Koyumdzhieva, Plamena [Verfasser:in]; Georgieva, Alexandra [Verfasser:in]; Lahmer, Tobias [Verfasser:in]; Wiessner, Johannes R. [Verfasser:in]; Voit, Florian [Verfasser:in]; Schneider, Jochen [Verfasser:in]; Horstmann, Julia [Verfasser:in]; Iakoubov, Roman [Verfasser:in]; Treiber, Matthias [Verfasser:in]; Winter, Christof Alexander [Verfasser:in]; Ruland, Jürgen Maximilian [Verfasser:in]; Busch, Dirk H. [Verfasser:in]; Knolle, Percy A. [Verfasser:in]; Protzer-Knolle, Ulrike [Verfasser:in]; Spinner, Christoph Daniel [Verfasser:in]; Schmid, Roland M. [Verfasser:in]; Quante, Michael [Verfasser:in]; Böttcher, Katrin [Verfasser:in]

Erschienen: Basel: MDPI AG, 2021

Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (18 Seiten); Diagramme; Supplementary material (1 PDF-Datei, 4 Seiten)

Sprache: Englisch

DOI: 10.3390/v13020241

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Beschreibung: Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), comprises mild courses of disease as well as progression to severe disease, characterised by lung and other organ failure. The immune system is considered to play a crucial role for the pathogenesis of COVID-19, although especially the contribution of innate-like T cells remains poorly understood. Here, we analysed the phenotype and function of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, innate-like T cells with potent antimicrobial effector function, in patients with mild and severe COVID-19 by multicolour flow cytometry. Our data indicate that MAIT cells are highly activated in patients with COVID-19, irrespective of the course of disease, and express high levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-17A and TNFα ex vivo. Of note, expression of the activation marker HLA-DR positively correlated with SAPS II score, a measure of disease severity. Upon MAIT cell-specific in vitro stimulation, MAIT cells however failed to upregulate expression of the cytokines IL-17A and TNFα, as well as cytolytic proteins, that is, granzyme B and perforin. Thus, our data point towards an altered cytokine expression profile alongside an impaired antibacterial and antiviral function of MAIT cells in COVID-19 and thereby contribute to the understanding of COVID-19 immunopathogenesis

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