Erschienen:
[Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar]: HAL CCSD, 2009
Sprache:
Französisch
Entstehung:
Hochschulschrift:
Dissertation, HAL CCSD, 2009
Anmerkungen:
Beschreibung:
this report summarizes the electronics developments for liquid argon calorimeter read-out at LHC and the R&D carried out in the framework of the CALICE collaboration for those of the future linear collider (ILC). It also includes chips designed for multi-anode photomultipliers (MaPMT) used in the OPERA experiment or on ATLAS luminometer, which also find applications in medical imaging. Started in the early 90's, the R&D for ATLAS calorimetry was extremely challenging in terms of readout speed, radiation tolerance and measurement accuracy. The high speed has required a new approach using current-sensitive preamplifiers instead of charge sensitive ones and the redefinition of noise performance in terms of ENI. The preamplifiers developed at Orsay and the monolithic shapers are described in Chapter 1, including considerations of digital filtering, which was a new technique in our field. Chapter 2 is dedicated to the calibration system, designed and built by Orsay, for which the high performance and accuracy necessitated in-depth studies. The 3rd chapter closes the studies for ATLAS with a summary of the detector measurements which had to be carried out on the 200 000 channels in order to understand and modelize the detector and achieve everywhere the accuracy and uniformity at per-cent level. These developments for ATLAS ended in 2004, although parallel work was also carried out for the NA48 and D0 calorimeters which are not detailed here. The next generation of collider will require a new generation of calorimeters, much more granular, referred to as imaging calorimetry" with embedded read-out electronics. The ASICs developed for this purpose in the framework of the CALICE collaboration are described in Chapter 4. They integrate all the functionalities of amplification, digitization and read-out making them complex "System-On-Chip" circuits extremely performant that find many other applications. A family of 3 chips reads out the Si-W electromagnetic calorimeter, the gas chambers of the digital hadronic calorimeter or the SiPMs of the analog hadronic calorimeter. These circuits have re-used several blocks developed for the multi-anode photomultipliers readout, developed in the early 2000's for the target tracker of the OPERA experiment and continued for the ATLAS luminometer, which are described in Chapter 5. These chips find a continuation in the future Water Cerenkov detectors, with large "smart" photodetector arrays.