Due to the loss of pancreatic exocrine and endocrine function patients with chronic pancreatitis have an increased risk of malnutrition. However, there is only limited knowledge regarding the early detection, diagnosis, and therapy of malnutrition in this entity. This work aims to close these knowledge gaps with respect to risk factors, early detection, and treatment of malnutrition in chronic pancreatitis. To identify treatment modalities, a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the evidence from randomized controlled studies was performed. Risk factors, phenotype, and health outcome of malnutrition were investigated in a prospective, multi-center cross-sectional study. Eventually, the feasibility and the effect of an intensified nutritional intervention were tested in a single-arm feasibility study. The systematic review and meta-analysis showed that regarding the treatment of malnutrition in chronic pancreatitis there is only very limited available data from high-quality, randomized controlled trials. Hence, current recommendations are generally based on findings from observational studies or expert opinions. In the cross-sectional study, it turned out that malnutrition was prevalent in almost two-thirds of patients. Malnourished individuals commonly presented with shorter disease duration and higher disease severity. In particular, the phenotype of malnutrition was characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass but absence of physical impairment and was more ...