Beschreibung:
The work aimed to solve the mismatch between the deployment of human life search and rescue stations on water and water-traffic risks and improve the emergency response speed and rescue capacity of human life search and rescue stations on water. Life accident-risk factors were integrated to propose an optimal site selection method for human life search and rescue stations on water. The method consisted of three sub-models. The sub-model of the regional human life search and rescue demand degree evaluation took into account vessel traffic flow, the historical number of human life accidents on water, hydrology, and meteorological conditions. Besides, an evaluation function of the regional human life search and rescue demand degree was proposed. The sub-model of search and rescue capability evaluation considered the emergency response capability of stations to human life search and rescue events in the water, with the human life search and rescue capability evaluation function of stations proposed. The station site selection sub-model considered the evaluation of the human life search and rescue demand degree as well as the emergency response capability of stations to human life search and rescue events in the water. A model for station site selection was established on this basis. An A* site optimization method was used to solve the model and obtain the optimal site selection for stations. The siting of 112 Yangtze River mainline search and rescue stations was used for validation. The results showed that the number of historical accidents on water lives was the most critical factor affecting the location of water life search and rescue sites. According to the comparison between the current station score and the optimal station score, the site-selection optimization method proposed in the work can improve the human life search and rescue capacity of the station by 20%