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Özbay Kurt, Feyza Gül [Verfasser:in]; Lepper, Alisa [Verfasser:in]; Gerhards, Catharina [Verfasser:in]; Römer, Mathis [Verfasser:in]; Lasser, Samantha [Verfasser:in]; Arkhypov, Ihor [Verfasser:in]; Weber, Rebekka [Verfasser:in]; Bugert, Peter [Verfasser:in]; Altevogt, Peter [Verfasser:in]; Gouttefangeas, Cécile [Verfasser:in]; Neumaier, Michael [Verfasser:in]; Utikal, Jochen [Verfasser:in]; Umansky, Viktor [Verfasser:in]

Booster dose of mRNA vaccine augments waning T cell and antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2

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  • Medientyp: E-Artikel
  • Titel: Booster dose of mRNA vaccine augments waning T cell and antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2
  • Beteiligte: Özbay Kurt, Feyza Gül [Verfasser:in]; Lepper, Alisa [Verfasser:in]; Gerhards, Catharina [Verfasser:in]; Römer, Mathis [Verfasser:in]; Lasser, Samantha [Verfasser:in]; Arkhypov, Ihor [Verfasser:in]; Weber, Rebekka [Verfasser:in]; Bugert, Peter [Verfasser:in]; Altevogt, Peter [Verfasser:in]; Gouttefangeas, Cécile [Verfasser:in]; Neumaier, Michael [Verfasser:in]; Utikal, Jochen [Verfasser:in]; Umansky, Viktor [Verfasser:in]
  • Erschienen: 12 October 2022
  • Erschienen in: Frontiers in immunology ; 13(2022) vom: Okt., Artikel-ID 1012526, Seite 1-13
  • Sprache: Englisch
  • DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1012526
  • Identifikator:
  • Entstehung:
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  • Beschreibung: A gradual decay in humoral and cellular immune responses over time upon SAR1S-CoV-2 vaccination may cause a lack of protective immunity. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of antibodies, T cells, and monocytes in 25 participants vaccinated with mRNA or ChAdOx1-S up to 12 weeks after the 3rd (booster) dose with mRNA vaccine. We observed a substantial increase in antibodies and CD8 T cells specific for the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination. Moreover, vaccination induced activated T cells expressing CD69, CD137 and producing IFN-γ and TNF-α. Virus-specific CD8 T cells showed predominantly memory phenotype. Although the level of antibodies and frequency of virus-specific T cells reduced 4-6 months after the 2nd dose, they were augmented after the 3rd dose followed by a decrease later. Importantly, T cells generated after the 3rd vaccination were also reactive against Omicron variant, indicated by a similar level of IFN-γ production after stimulation with Omicron peptides. Breakthrough infection in participants vaccinated with two doses induced more SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells than the booster vaccination. We found an upregulation of PD-L1 expression on monocytes but no accumulation of myeloid cells with MDSC-like immunosuppressive phenotype after the vaccination. Our results indicate that the 3rd vaccination fosters antibody and T cell immune response independently from vaccine type used for the first two injections. However, such immune response is attenuated over time, suggesting thereby the need for further vaccinations.
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