Anmerkungen:
Nach Informationen von SSRN wurde die ursprüngliche Fassung des Dokuments July 28, 2023 erstellt
Beschreibung:
This paper relies on the first and only representative survey data to estimate household carbon footprints (CF) of China's large yet vastly understudied ethnic minority population, documenting for the first time significant ethnic disparities in CF driven by ethnic minorities' relatively worse-off living standards: from 2010-2020, China's ethnic minority population contributed less than 6\% of residential emissions, about 50\% less than expected based on population share alone. Next, results from a counterfactual policy analysis finds that the distributive effects of a carbon tax is regressive in urban but not rural areas, increasing urban inequality both within and between ethnic groups. When considering revenue-neutral schemes, by contrast, a carbon tax with targeted redistribution helps to mitigate existing inequalities in society, reducing income- and ethnic-based forms of inequality. Results are robust to machine learning techniques employed to simulate heterogeneous abatement scenarios. The findings emphasize the potential benefits of a carbon tax, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of climate justice and informing policy decisions that promote equitable outcomes for vulnerable segments of society