Beschreibung:
Urbanization in Ethiopia is increasing rapidly, leading to environmental changes and necessitating improved urban infrastructure. Dire Dawa, the second most populous city in Ethiopia, has a high rate of urban growth. However, there is no clear plan for a viable water supply source. This study focuses on three main areas: remote sensing analysis of urban growth, urban water supply and water distribution system, and groundwater resources quality and quantity. The changes in land use and land cover (LULC) over four different time periods were analyzed, and the results showed significant and rapid expansion of the city. The current and future water demand and supply were then analyzed, and it was found that the water supply is three times less than the water demand, indicating that existing water sources are not adequate for the future expansion of the city. The hydraulic performance of the existing distribution system was analyzed using WaterGems software, and it was found that pressure at 22.41% of nodes and velocities at 29.83% of pipes are sufficient to provide water for the study area. Lastly, changes in groundwater level due to urban growth and the status of groundwater quality were analyzed. The discharge and water level of each borehole is declining over time, leading to water shortages in the city. Furthermore, the groundwater quality of the boreholes in some locations is not within the permissible limit range, which can cause public health problems and damage to water supply systems