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Medientyp:
E-Book
Titel:
Investigation of Cryptosporidiosis and Assessment of Associated Risk Factors in Calves, in Selected Districts of Oromia Special Zone, Central Ethiopia
Beschreibung:
Background: Cryptosporidiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genusCryptosporidiumthat infects a variety of hosts worldwide. A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2021 and June 2022 in four districts of the Oromia special zone in central Ethiopia. For this study, two hundred and seventy-nine faecal samples were collected and examined using the modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining method to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium infection. In addition, a questionnaire was administered to 100 randomly selected animal owners to determine their knowledge, attitudes, and control practises for cryptosporidiosis.Result: Of the 279 fecal samples examined, 42 were infected with Cryptosporidium, showing an overall prevalence of 15.1%. A Logistic regression analysis showed the significant association of the study districts and management system with Cryptosporidium infection (P< 0.05). However, age, sex, body condition score, breed, fecal consistency, feed and water source, were not significantly associated with the infection (P>0.05). The occurrence of Cryptosporidium infection under the intensive management system (17.2%) was statistically higher than the 2.5% in calves managed under the extensive system (P =0.01; OR =2.4). Although the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection was not statistically significant (X2 = 0.53; P > 0.05), it was relatively higher in calves older than 6 months (16.4%) than calves <2 months (15.5%) and 2–6 months (12.5%). Age, sex, body condition score, breed, fecal consistency, feed, and water source, were also not significantly associated with the infection (P>0.05). According to the questionnaire survey findings, 92% of farmers are unaware of cryptosporidiosis, how it spreads, its transmission, and its treatment.Conclusion: In conclusion, this study showed that cryptosporidium infection is prevalent in calves in the study area. Hence, it is recommended to adopt an integrated control approach using extension services and community education in the area. Furthermore, it is suggested to conduct molecular research to identify Cryptosporidium species and their zoonotic importance in the area