Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms

Medientyp: E-Artikel

Titel: Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms

Beteiligte: Gerkin, Richard C [Verfasser:in]; Ohla, Kathrin [Verfasser:in]; Bouysset, Cédric [Verfasser:in]; Feeney, Emma L [Verfasser:in]; Frasnelli, Johannes [Verfasser:in]; Hannum, Mackenzie E [Verfasser:in]; Hopkins, Claire [Verfasser:in]; Klein, Hadar [Verfasser:in]; Mignot, Coralie [Verfasser:in]; Mucignat, Carla [Verfasser:in]; Ning, Yuping [Verfasser:in]; Ozturk, Elif E [Verfasser:in]; Peng, Mei [Verfasser:in]; Soler, Graciela M [Verfasser:in]; Saatci, Ozlem [Verfasser:in]; Sell, Elizabeth A [Verfasser:in]; Yan, Carol H [Verfasser:in]; Alfaro, Raul [Verfasser:in]; Cecchetto, Cinzia [Verfasser:in]; Coureaud, Gérard [Verfasser:in]; Herriman, Riley D [Verfasser:in]; Justice, Jeb M [Verfasser:in]; Kaushik, Pavan Kumar [Verfasser:in]; Koyama, Sachiko [Verfasser:in]; [...]

Erschienen: Oxford Univ. Press, 2021

Sprache: Englisch

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaa081

ISSN: 1464-3553; 0379-864X

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Beschreibung: In a preregistered, cross-sectional study, we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0–100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n = 4148) or negative (C19−; n = 546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19− groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean ± SD, C19+: −82.5 ± 27.2 points; C19−: −59.8 ± 37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both univariate and multivariate models (ROC AUC = 0.72). Additional variables provide negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms (e.g., fever). Olfactory recovery within 40 days of respiratory symptom onset was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since respiratory symptom onset. We find that quantified smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 amongst those with symptoms of respiratory illness. To aid clinicians and contact tracers in identifying individuals with a high likelihood of having COVID-19, we propose a novel 0–10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss, the ODoR-19. We find that numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4 < OR < 10). Once independently validated, this tool could be deployed when viral lab tests are impractical or unavailable.

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