• Medientyp: E-Artikel
  • Titel: Tropical forcing of increased Southern Ocean climate variability revealed by a 140-year subantarctic temperature reconstruction
  • Beteiligte: Turney, Chris S. M. [Verfasser:in]; Fogwill, Christopher J. [Verfasser:in]; Palmer, Jonathan G. [Verfasser:in]; van Sebille, Erik [Verfasser:in]; Thomas, Zoë [Verfasser:in]; McGlone, Matt [Verfasser:in]; Richardson, Sarah [Verfasser:in]; Wilmshurst, Janet M. [Verfasser:in]; Fenwick, Pavla [Verfasser:in]; Zunz, Violette [Verfasser:in]; Goosse, Hugues [Verfasser:in]; Wilson, Kerry-Jayne [Verfasser:in]; Carter, Lionel [Verfasser:in]; Lipson, Mathew [Verfasser:in]; Jones, Richard T. [Verfasser:in]; Harsch, Melanie [Verfasser:in]; Clark, Graeme [Verfasser:in]; Marzinelli, Ezequiel [Verfasser:in]; Rogers, Tracey [Verfasser:in]; Rainsley, Eleanor [Verfasser:in]; Ciasto, Laura [Verfasser:in]; Waterman, Stephanie [Verfasser:in]; Thomas, Elizabeth R. [Verfasser:in]; Visbeck, Martin [Verfasser:in]
  • Erschienen: Copernicus Publications (EGU), 2017-03-15
  • Sprache: Englisch
  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-231-2017
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  • Beschreibung: Occupying about 14 % of the world's surface, the Southern Ocean plays a fundamental role in ocean and atmosphere circulation, carbon cycling and Antarctic ice-sheet dynamics. Unfortunately, high interannual variability and a dearth of instrumental observations before the 1950s limits our understanding of how marine–atmosphere–ice domains interact on multi-decadal timescales and the impact of anthropogenic forcing. Here we integrate climate-sensitive tree growth with ocean and atmospheric observations on southwest Pacific subantarctic islands that lie at the boundary of polar and subtropical climates (52–54° S). Our annually resolved temperature reconstruction captures regional change since the 1870s and demonstrates a significant increase in variability from the 1940s, a phenomenon predating the observational record. Climate reanalysis and modelling show a parallel change in tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures that generate an atmospheric Rossby wave train which propagates across a large part of the Southern Hemisphere during the austral spring and summer. Our results suggest that modern observed high interannual variability was established across the mid-twentieth century, and that the influence of contemporary equatorial Pacific temperatures may now be a permanent feature across the mid- to high latitudes.
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