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Nakagama, Yu; Candray, Katherine; Kaku, Natsuko; Komase, Yuko; Rodriguez-Funes, Maria-Virginia; Dominguez, Rhina; Tsuchida, Tomoya; Kunishima, Hiroyuki; Nagai, Etsuko; Adachi, Eisuke; Ngoyi, Dieudonné Mumba; Yamasue, Mari; Komiya, Kosaku; Hiramatsu, Kazufumi; Uemura, Naoto; Sugiura, Yuki; Yasugi, Mayo; Yamagishi, Yuka; Mikamo, Hiroshige; Shiraishi, Satoshi; Izumo, Takehiro; Nakagama, Sachie; Watanabe, Chihiro; Nitahara, Yuko; [...]

Antibody Avidity Maturation Following Recovery From Infection or the Booster Vaccination Grants Breadth of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Capacity

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  • Medientyp: E-Artikel
  • Titel: Antibody Avidity Maturation Following Recovery From Infection or the Booster Vaccination Grants Breadth of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Capacity
  • Beteiligte: Nakagama, Yu; Candray, Katherine; Kaku, Natsuko; Komase, Yuko; Rodriguez-Funes, Maria-Virginia; Dominguez, Rhina; Tsuchida, Tomoya; Kunishima, Hiroyuki; Nagai, Etsuko; Adachi, Eisuke; Ngoyi, Dieudonné Mumba; Yamasue, Mari; Komiya, Kosaku; Hiramatsu, Kazufumi; Uemura, Naoto; Sugiura, Yuki; Yasugi, Mayo; Yamagishi, Yuka; Mikamo, Hiroshige; Shiraishi, Satoshi; Izumo, Takehiro; Nakagama, Sachie; Watanabe, Chihiro; Nitahara, Yuko; [...]
  • Erschienen: Oxford University Press (OUP), 2023
  • Erschienen in: The Journal of Infectious Diseases
  • Sprache: Englisch
  • DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac492
  • ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613
  • Schlagwörter: Infectious Diseases ; Immunology and Allergy
  • Entstehung:
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  • Beschreibung: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Cross-neutralizing capacity of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants is important in mitigating (re-)exposures. Role of antibody maturation, the process whereby selection of higher affinity antibodies augments host immunity, to determine SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing capacity was investigated.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Sera from SARS-CoV-2 convalescents at 2, 6, or 10 months postrecovery, and BNT162b2 vaccine recipients at 3 or 25 weeks postvaccination, were analyzed. Anti-spike IgG avidity was measured in urea-treated ELISAs. Neutralizing capacity was assessed by surrogate neutralization assays. Fold change between variant and wild-type neutralization inferred the breadth of neutralizing capacity.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Compared with early-convalescent, avidity indices of late-convalescent sera were significantly higher (median, 37.7 [interquartile range 28.4–45.1] vs 64.9 [57.5–71.5], P &amp;lt; .0001). Urea-resistant, high-avidity IgG best predicted neutralizing capacity (Spearman r = 0.49 vs 0.67 [wild-type]; 0.18–0.52 vs 0.48–0.83 [variants]). Higher-avidity convalescent sera better cross-neutralized SARS-CoV-2 variants (P &amp;lt; .001 [Alpha]; P &amp;lt; .01 [Delta and Omicron]). Vaccinees only experienced meaningful avidity maturation following the booster dose, exhibiting rather limited cross-neutralizing capacity at week 25.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Avidity maturation was progressive beyond acute recovery from infection, or became apparent after the booster vaccine dose, granting broader anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing capacity. Understanding the maturation kinetics of the 2 building blocks of anti-SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity is crucial.</jats:p></jats:sec>