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Antar, Annukka A R; Yu, Tong; Pisanic, Nora; Azamfirei, Razvan; Tornheim, Jeffrey A; Brown, Diane M; Kruczynski, Kate; Hardick, Justin P; Sewell, Thelio; Jang, Minyoung; Church, Taylor; Walch, Samantha N; Reuland, Carolyn; Bachu, Vismaya S; Littlefield, Kirsten; Park, Han-Sol; Ursin, Rebecca L; Ganesan, Abhinaya; Kusemiju, Oyinkansola; Barnaba, Brittany; Charles, Curtisha; Prizzi, Michelle; Johnstone, Jaylynn R; Payton, Christine; [...]

Delayed Rise of Oral Fluid Antibodies, Elevated BMI, and Absence of Early Fever Correlate With Longer Time to SARS-CoV-2 RNA Clearance in a Longitudinally Sampled Cohort of COVID-19 Outpatients

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  • Medientyp: E-Artikel
  • Titel: Delayed Rise of Oral Fluid Antibodies, Elevated BMI, and Absence of Early Fever Correlate With Longer Time to SARS-CoV-2 RNA Clearance in a Longitudinally Sampled Cohort of COVID-19 Outpatients
  • Beteiligte: Antar, Annukka A R; Yu, Tong; Pisanic, Nora; Azamfirei, Razvan; Tornheim, Jeffrey A; Brown, Diane M; Kruczynski, Kate; Hardick, Justin P; Sewell, Thelio; Jang, Minyoung; Church, Taylor; Walch, Samantha N; Reuland, Carolyn; Bachu, Vismaya S; Littlefield, Kirsten; Park, Han-Sol; Ursin, Rebecca L; Ganesan, Abhinaya; Kusemiju, Oyinkansola; Barnaba, Brittany; Charles, Curtisha; Prizzi, Michelle; Johnstone, Jaylynn R; Payton, Christine; [...]
  • Erschienen: Oxford University Press (OUP), 2021
  • Erschienen in: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
  • Sprache: Englisch
  • DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab195
  • ISSN: 2328-8957
  • Schlagwörter: Infectious Diseases ; Oncology
  • Entstehung:
  • Anmerkungen:
  • Beschreibung: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Sustained molecular detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in the upper respiratory tract (URT) in mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is common. We sought to identify host and immune determinants of prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Ninety-five symptomatic outpatients self-collected midturbinate nasal, oropharyngeal (OP), and gingival crevicular fluid (oral fluid) samples at home and in a research clinic a median of 6 times over 1–3 months. Samples were tested for viral RNA, virus culture, and SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronavirus antibodies, and associations were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Viral RNA clearance, as measured by SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), in 507 URT samples occurred a median (interquartile range) 33.5 (17–63.5) days post–symptom onset. Sixteen nasal-OP samples collected 2–11 days post–symptom onset were virus culture positive out of 183 RT-PCR-positive samples tested. All participants but 1 with positive virus culture were negative for concomitant oral fluid anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The mean time to first antibody detection in oral fluid was 8–13 days post–symptom onset. A longer time to first detection of oral fluid anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.96; 95% CI, 0.92–0.99; P = .020) and body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 (aHR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.18–0.78; P = .009) were independently associated with a longer time to SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA clearance. Fever as 1 of first 3 COVID-19 symptoms correlated with shorter time to viral RNA clearance (aHR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.02–4.18; P = .044).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>We demonstrate that delayed rise of oral fluid SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, elevated BMI, and absence of early fever are independently associated with delayed URT viral RNA clearance.</jats:p></jats:sec>
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