Reliability and validity of a 3-min psychomotor vigilance task in assessing sensitivity to sleep loss and alcohol: fitness for duty in aviation and transportation
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Medientyp:
E-Artikel
Titel:
Reliability and validity of a 3-min psychomotor vigilance task in assessing sensitivity to sleep loss and alcohol: fitness for duty in aviation and transportation
Beschreibung:
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
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<jats:title>Study Objectives</jats:title>
<jats:p>The psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) is a widely used objective method to measure sustained attention, but the standard 10-min version is often impractical in operational settings. We investigated the reliability and validity of a 3-min PVT administered on a portable handheld device assessing sensitivity to sleep loss and alcohol in relation to a 10-min PVT and to applied tasks.</jats:p>
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<jats:title>Methods</jats:title>
<jats:p>A total of 47 healthy volunteers underwent a 12 consecutive days sleep lab protocol. A cross-over design was adopted including total sleep deprivation (38 h awake), sleep restriction (SR, 4 h sleep opportunity), acute alcohol consumption, and SR after alcohol intake (SR/Alc 4 h sleep opportunity). Participants performed a 10-min and 3-min PVT and operationally relevant tasks related to demands in aviation and transportation.</jats:p>
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<jats:title>Results</jats:title>
<jats:p>Sleep loss resulted in significant performance impairments compared with baseline measurements detected by both PVT versions—particularly for mean speed (both p &lt; 0.001)—and the operationally relevant tasks. Similar effects were observed due to alcohol intake (speed: both p &lt; 0.001). The 3-min and 10-min PVT results were highly correlated (speed: between r = 0.72 and r = 0.89). Three of four aviation-related tasks showed robust correlations with the 3-min PVT. Correlations with the parameters of the task related to transportation were lower, but mainly significant.</jats:p>
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<jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>
<jats:p>The 3-min PVT showed a high reliability and validity in assessing sleep loss and alcohol-induced impairments in cognitive performance. Thus, our results underline its usefulness as potential fitness for duty self-monitoring tool in applied settings.</jats:p>
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