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Medientyp:
E-Artikel
Titel:
PS-P11-8: GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS AS A PREDICTOR OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS AND BIOLOGICAL MARKERS IN KAZAKH WOMEN
Beschreibung:
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Aim:</jats:title>
<jats:p>To study the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, cardiovascular risk factors and biological markers in women of the Kazakh population</jats:p>
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<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Design and method:</jats:title>
<jats:p>Analysis of the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus was carried out according to the data of the medical information systems “Diabetes mellitus” and “Register of pregnant women and women of childbearing age”.</jats:p>
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<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Results:</jats:title>
<jats:p>Analysis of the primary incidence of DM2 among adults, within 5 years there has been a steady increase, while women with type 2 diabetes are much more - 65.5%. The increase in cases of type 2 diabetes was 140 thousand cases (46%), and among women over this period - 85 thousand cases (41%). At the same time, an analysis of the prevalence of type 1 diabetes indicates that there is no gender difference in this type of diabetes mellitus, the number of women left 47.3%. The increase since 2016 was 34.2%, among women 29.5%.</jats:p>
<jats:p>The increase DM2 among women of childbearing age is 58.3%, which is significantly higher than in women of all age groups (41%). DM1 increase was 37.4%.</jats:p>
<jats:p>Analysis of the prevalence of GDM according to the statistical data of the “Register of pregnant women and women of childbearing age” showed differences in frequency across the regions of Kazakhstan (from 4.0% to 11.0%). At the same time, in 2021 alone, the growth in GDM amounted to about 50% compared to 2020.</jats:p>
<jats:p>Abdominal obesity was found in more than 50% of patients with GDM (the highest rate in the Almaty region, the lowest in Aktobe). The prevalence of hypertension among women with GDM is also lower in Aktobe region. An analysis of the prevalence of behavioral risk factors for CVD showed that the largest number of smokers was in Almaty and Almaty region.</jats:p>
<jats:p>To study gene polymorphism, GWAS-associated SNPs polymorphisms with the development of GDM were selected: genes for impaired insulin synthesis and those associated with insulin signal transmission; genes for impaired insulin secretion; genes that regulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.</jats:p>
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<jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title>
<jats:p>
<jats:list list-type="arabic-numeral"><jats:list-item><jats:p>The results of the analysis demonstrate high prevalence rates of GDM and DM 2. among women in the studied regions, including women of childbearing age, and high variability between regions.</jats:p></jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>There is a need to standardize approaches to screening for GDM. Abdominal obesity and hypertension are the leading risk factors for the development of GDM.</jats:p></jats:list-item></jats:list>
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